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Fig. 5. Normalized surface elevation and penetration measurements from a series of simulated rainfall events with a Sharkey clay soil: (A) after the first simulated rainfall, and (B) after the third simulated rainfall. The solid line represents the surface elevation before the simulated rainfall, the solid line with solid circle symbols represents the surface elevation immediately after the simulated rainfall before penetration, and the solid line with solid triangle symbols represents the final penetration depth.