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Fig. 1. Temporal variations of (a) soil water-filled pore space at 15 cm and daily rainfall; (b) soil air O2 and CO2 concentration at 15 cm; (c) soil temperature and N2O concentration at 15 cm; (d) soil-surface N2O flux from a loam soil cropped to maize and amended with ammonium nitrate fertilizer (NH4NO3), and pig slurry applied in the fall (fall slurry) or in the spring (spring slurry). Fall application of slurry was made on 13 Oct. 1998, and ammonium nitrate and spring slurry were applied on 17 May 1999. Error bars represent the LSD (P = 0.05) for treatment comparison at each date.