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Estimating Regional Changes in Soil Carbon with High Spatial Resolution

^a Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Lab., Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335
^b Agricultural Policy Analysis Center, Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-4519
^c Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science Dep., Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-4531
^d Dep. of Agricultural Economics, Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-4518
^e Engineering Extension, Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS 66506-2508

View larger version (11K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Historical adoption of tillage practices in the United States. Data are from the Conservation Technology Information Center (2004).

View larger version (10K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Adjustment factor for C accumulation rates (Table 1) as a function of initial or baseline soil C. Analysis based on data compiled by Tan et al. (2006).

View larger version (52K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Integration of field, inventory, and remote sensing data used in the development of this C accounting framework. The (a) National Land Cover Data (NLCD) land use classes, (b) State Soil Geographic database (STATSGO) map units, and (c) county Federal Information Program Service values were integrated into (d) one composite layer that summarizes the unique combinations of the three values. Annual adoption rates (e) of different tillage intensities (from Conservation Technology Information Center [CTIC] data) were applied to the area of respective crop types (from National Agricultural Statistics Service [NASS] data). The new data set was combined with C dynamics derived from field experiments (f) using initial soil C values (b) to estimate changes in soil C that were then distributed across areas of respective cropland classes in the NLCD (a). A final spatial data set (g) of estimated C flux was generated.

View larger version (19K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Comparison of National Land Cover Data (NLCD) cropland area and National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) cropland area aggregated to the NLCD land use categories.

View larger version (83K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Estimated soil C content for the Mid-Continent Intensive (MCI) region in 1990. Soil C content is based on historical tillage and cropping practices. The spatial resolution of 900 m2 coincides with land use categories delineated by the National Land Cover Data (Vogelmann et al., 2001).

View larger version (88K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Cumulative changes in soil C from 1991 to 2000 caused by changes in tillage intensity and crop rotation for the Mid-Continent Intensive (MCI) region. The magnified area is an enhanced view of Wayne County, Iowa. Wayne County includes a diverse set of cropping practices, tillage intensities, and soil types, and illustrates a range of soil C gain and loss at a 900-m2 resolution within a 10-yr period.