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Wien Effect Determination of Adsorption Energies between Heavy Metal Ions and Soil Particles

^a Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 821, Nanjing 210008, China
^b College of Resource and Environ. Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing11 210095, China
^c Institute of Soil, Water, and Environ. Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, the Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel

View larger version (20K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Negative and positive charge densities of the clay fractions (<2 µm) of the soils as a function of pH.

View larger version (12K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Dependence on field strength of electrical conductivity of suspensions (10 g kg–1) of (A) yellow-brown and (B) black soil particles saturated with various heavy metal ions in deionized water.

View larger version (19K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Mean Gibbs free adsorption energy as a function of field strength for suspensions, in deionized water, of (A) yellow-brown soil and (B) black soil particles saturated with various heavy metal ions (particle concentration of 10 g kg–1).