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Sample Pretreatment and Phosphorus Speciation in Wetland Soils

^a Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panama
^b Everglades Division, South Florida Water Management District, 3301 Gun Club Rd., West Palm Beach, FL 33406
^c Wetland Biogeochemistry Lab., Soil and Water Science Dep., Univ. of Florida, 106 Newell Hall, P.O. Box 110510, Gainesville, FL 32611

View larger version (14K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Solution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of triplicate extracts of a lyophilized benthic floc sample of a cattail marsh. The spectra are plotted with 1 Hz line broadening to show fine resolution and the phosphate signal adjusted to 6.3 ppm.

View larger version (14K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Solution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of NaOH–EDTA extracts of benthic floc and soil (0–10 cm) from an enriched cattail marsh in Water Conservation Area 2A of the Florida Everglades, subjected to three different pretreatments: FR, fresh sample (overnight refrigeration at 4°C); AD, air dried for 10 d at 30°C; LY, frozen at –80°C and lyophilized. The spectra are plotted with 8 Hz line broadening and the phosphate signal adjusted to 6.3 ppm.

View larger version (14K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Solution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of NaOH–EDTA extracts of benthic floc and soil (0–10 cm) from Stormwater Treatment Area 1, Florida, subjected to three different pretreatments: FR, fresh sample (overnight refrigeration at 4°C); AD, air dried for 10 d at 30°C; LY, frozen at –80°C and lyophilized. The spectra are plotted with a line broadening of 8 Hz (benthic floc) or 16 Hz (soil) and the phosphate signal adjusted to 6.3 ppm.

View larger version (16K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Solution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of NaOH–EDTA extracts of benthic floc and soil (0–10 cm) from a softwater slough in Water Conservation Area 1 in the Florida Everglades, subjected to three different pretreatments: FR, fresh sample (overnight refrigeration at 4°C); AD, air dried for 10 d at 30°C; LY, frozen at –80°C and lyophilized. The spectra are plotted with a line broadening of 8 Hz (benthic floc) or 16 Hz (soil) and the phosphate signal adjusted to 6.3 ppm.

View larger version (19K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Solution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of NaOH–EDTA extracts of benthic floc and soil (0–10 cm) from a calcareous slough in Water Conservation Area 1 of the Florida Everglades, subjected to three different pretreatments: FR, fresh sample (overnight refrigeration at 4°C); AD, air dried for 10 d at 30°C; LY, frozen at –80°C and lyophilized. The spectra are plotted with a line broadening of 16 Hz and the phosphate signal adjusted to 6.3 ppm.