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Landscape and Conservation Management Effects on Hydraulic Properties of a Claypan-Soil Toposequence

^a 158 Ag. Eng. Bldg, Dep. of Soil, Environ., and Atmospheric Sci., Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
^b 302 ABNR Bldg., Dep. of Soil, Environ. and Atmospheric Sci., Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
^c 269 Ag. Eng. Bldg., USDA-ARS, Cropping Systems and Water Quality Research Unit, Columbia, MO 65211

View larger version (17K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Effects of (A) management and depth on bulk density (MTCS = mulch tillage, corn–soybean, NTCSW = no-till, corn–soybean–wheat, CRP = Conservation Reserve Program; bar indicates LSD values for management; LSD is identical for all depths; NS = not significant), and (B) landscape position and depth on bulk density (bar indicates LSD values for landscape position; LSD is identical for all depths; NS = not significant).

View larger version (10K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Effects of (A) management and depth on saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) (MTCS = mulch tillage corn–soybean, NTCSW = no-till corn–soybean–wheat, CRP = Conservation Reserve Program; treatment levels with the same letter are not significantly different within a soil depth; LSD = 32.9 mm h–1), and (B) management and landscape position on Ksat (treatment levels with the same letter are not significantly different within a landscape position; LSD = 39.6 mm h–1).

View larger version (13K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Effects of landscape position and depth on saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) (treatment levels with the same letter are not significantly different within a soil depth; LSD = 32.9 mm h–1). The Ksat value decreased to 0.83 mm h–1 at 30- to 40-cm depth for the footslope position (not shown).

View larger version (19K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Management effects on soil water retention by depth (MTCS = mulch tillage corn–soybean, NTCSW = no-till corn–soybean–wheat, CRP = Conservation Reserve Program; bars indicate LSD values, when significant, for management at a given soil water pressure).

View larger version (21K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Landscape effects on soil water retention by depth (bars indicate LSD values, when significant, at a given soil water pressure; LSD is identical for all depths at a given soil water pressure).

View larger version (19K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Effects of management and depth on pore-size distributions of (A) macroporosity (>1000-µm diam.), (B) coarse mesoporosity (60–1000-µm diam.), (C) fine mesoporosity (10–60-µm diam.), and (D) microporosity (<10-µm diam.) (MTCS = mulch tillage corn–soybean, NTCSW = no-till corn–soybean–wheat, CRP = Conservation Reserve Program; bar indicates LSD value, when significant, among management treatments within a depth; LSD is identical for all depths for a given pore size class). Note scale difference in (D).

View larger version (17K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Effects of landscape position and depth on pore-size distributions of (A) macroporosity (>1000-µm diam.), (B) coarse mesoporosity (60–1000-µm diam.), (C) fine mesoporosity (10–60-µm diam.), and (D) microporosity (<10-µm diam.) (bars indicate LSD values, when significant, among landscape positions within a soil depth; LSD is identical for all depths for a given pore size class). Note scale difference in (D).