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Comparing Unsaturated Colloid Transport through Columns with Differing Sampling Systems

^a Dep. of Soil Science, Inst. of Ecology, Berlin Univ. of Technology, Salzufer 11-12, D-10587 Berlin, Germany
^b Dep. of Soil Protection, Inst. of Ecology, Berlin Univ. of Technology, Salzufer 11-12, D-10587 Berlin, Germany
^c Dep. of Geochemistry, Hydrogeology and Mineralogy, Freie Universität Berlin, Malteser Straße 74-100, D-12249 Berlin, Germany
^d Dep. of Soil Science, Inst. of Ecology, Berlin Univ. of Technology, Salzufer 11-12, D-10587 Berlin, Germany

View larger version (16K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Column with a membrane lysimeter. The tube acts as a hanging water column, ensuring unsaturated conditions.

View larger version (27K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Exemplary NO3– and goethite breakthrough curves of all lysimeter types (small colloid concentration applied).

View larger version (25K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Exemplary NO3– and goethite breakthrough curves of all lysimeter types (large colloid concentration applied)

View larger version (24K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Cumulative breakthrough curves (in percentage of the total amount in the outflow) of NO3–and goethite. Goethite tends to move faster through the sand than NO3–.

View larger version (10K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Depth profiles of colloids in sand, wick, and outflow (second run with large colloid concentrations). The accumulation of 59Fe in the top 3 cm of the sand illustrates that unsaturated sand was a good filter for goethite colloids. Note the absence of colloids in the sand directly above the zero-tension lysimeter, which is probably related to saturated conditions above the lysimeter–soil interface. Colloids were trapped in the wick.