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Published online 20 September 2006
Published in Soil Sci Soc Am J 70:1975-1982 (2006)
DOI: 10.2136/sssaj2005.0316
© 2006 Soil Science Society of America
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Hydrological Control of Phosphorus Mobility in Altered Wetland Soils

M. Iggy Litaora,*, G. Eshelb, O. Reichmannb and M. Shenkerb

a Tel-Hai College, Dep. of Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences, Upper Galilee 12210, Israel
b The Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel


Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1. General location of the study area (a) including a historical superposition showing the drained Hula lake and swamps (drained in the 1950s) and the recent drainage canals and new lake Agmon (b). The large field experiment is located between the reconstructed Jordan River (RJR) and Drainage Canal 303 (c).

 

Figure 2
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  		Fig. 2. A pit dug in an altered wetland (Histosol) where mega macropore flow (preferential flow) has developed. This image and caption were featured on the cover of Journal of Environmental Quality, volume 32, issue 1.

 

Figure 3
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  		Fig. 3. A cross-section of the large field experiment with a schematic representation of all the computed and measured flow components. The JP is the precipitation flux, JET is the evapotranspiration flux, JVr is the vertical flux, JHor is the lateral flux, dHGW is the daily rate of change in the hydraulic head (H) in the top layer, the dH(5–10) is the hydraulic-head difference between 5 and 10 m depth and dl is the vertical distance between the perforated sections of the wells.

 

Figure 4
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  		Fig. 4. Typical cracks and fissures observed in the peat layers during the pit survey. Similar macropores were observed in all of the excavated pits.

 

Figure 5
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  		Fig. 5. Temporal distribution of hydraulic heads (m) measured at three measuring depths at station 1.

 

Figure 6
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  		Fig. 6. The hydraulic head changes and water levels in RJR and the 303 drainage canal (cm) during the large field experiment. The symbols Up and Down represent the automatic water level measurements at the top and the bottom sections of each waterway. Water change in the Down station of the 303 canal was registered only after 26 d of the experiment.

 




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