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Phosphorus Concentrations and Loads in Runoff Water under Crop Production

^a Ministry of Education Key Lab. of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Natural Resource and Environmental Sci., Zhejiang Univ., Huajiachi Campus, Hangzhou 310029, P. R. China
^b (current address), Univ. of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Indian River Research and Education Center, 2199 South Rock Rd., Fort Pierce, FL 34945 USA
^c Univ. of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Indian River Research and Education Center, 2199 South Rock Rd., Fort Pierce, FL 34945 USA

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. (a) Mean monthly rainfall and (b) runoff water discharge of 11 sites, 2001–2002. Error bars represent one standard deviation.

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Annual rainfall of the 11 field sites, 2001–2002.

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. The concentrations of total P (TP), total dissolved P (TDP), orthophosphate (PO4–P), and total particulate P (TPP) in runoff water samples (n = 1272). The triangles represent 1 and 99 percentile of the data and the error bars represent the 5 and 95 percentile of the data. The middle line is the median value of the data range. The upper value of the box is the 75 percentile and the lower value of the box is the 25 percentile.

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Proportions of total P (TP) as PO4–P, total dissolved P (TDP), and total particulate P (TPP) in runoff water samples collected from 11 sites during the 2-yr experiment (n = 1272). The triangles represent the 1 and 99 percentile of the data and the error bars represent the 5 and 95 percentile of the data. The middle line is the median value of the data range. The upper value of the box is the 75 percentile and the lower value of the box is the 25 percentile.

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Seasonal variations of total P (TP), total dissolved P (TDP), and PO4–P in runoff water at field Sites 7, 9, and 11.

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Annual discharge of runoff water at each field site.