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Effects of Irrigation and Plastic Mulch on Soil Properties on Semiarid Abandoned Fields

IBED Physical Geography, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018 WV Amsterdam, The Netherlands

View larger version (70K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. The study area and the two field sites; the lake area near Puentes Lake or Embalse de Puentes (L site), and the area of Las Hermanicas between Zarcilla de Ramos and La Paca (H site).

View larger version (158K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Collapsed pipes at the edges of a field (LP5) on plastic covered soils, with a continuous plastic sheet still present at a depth of about 1.5 to 5 cm.

View larger version (52K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. The particle size distribution for the fraction <0.106 mm, obtained by Microscan, for the plastic fields (20PH, 5PH, 5PL, 2PL) and the accompanying control fields (20CH, 8CH, 5CL, 2CL). Results are presented for the untreated samples, samples treated with ultrasound (US), which represents the texture distribution of primary particles and microaggregates.

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Organic C content (with standard deviation) for the plastic covered fields and control fields. ‘v’ = under vegetation; ‘b’ = underneath bare surface; 0 to 5 and 5 to 10 refer to centimeter depth; H = Hermanicas site and L = Lake site.

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Water retention curves with measurements and data fitted by TDRana plotted for plastic fields (P) and control fields (C).

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Total runoff and sediment yield from the rainfall simulation experiments.

View larger version (11K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. The measured indicators of soil quality give rise to this theory about the effects of irrigation combined with evaporation reduction by plastic soil surface covers in the past. The effects are still reinforcing each other.