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Mineralogical Distinctions of Carbonates in Desert Soils

^a Dep. of Agronomy and Horticulture, MSC 3Q, New Mexico State Univ., P.O. Box 30003, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8003
^b University Statistics Center, 3CQ, New Mexico State Univ., P.O. Box 30003, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8003

View larger version (48K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Block diagram of the research project and location of each limestone (LS) and igneous (IG) sample site in Study Areas 1, 2, and 3 (adapted from Gile et al., 1981) where Study Area 1 is a fan terrace, Study Area 2 is a pediment, and Study Area 3 is a fan piedmont. Tortugas Mountain is the site of the dolostone study.

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Peak height with respect to the dominant (Peak 104) calcite or dolomite in Tortugas Mountain samples of surface clast (>4.75 mm), soil clast (>4.75 mm), coarse sand (1.000–0.50 mm), fine sand (0.25–0.106 mm), silt (0.053–0.002 mm), and clay (<0.002 mm) using calcite and dolomite references (JADE, 1993–2002). Standard error of the mean is depicted by error bars (n = 3). Absence of visible error bars reflects the absence of variability.

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Representative X-ray diffractograms of pedogenic carbonate formed in limestone parent material (3-LS-2), pedogenic carbonate formed in igneous parent material (2-IG-1), and detrital limestone (1-LS-3) with calcite reference lines provided, calcite hkl peaks identified, and calcite (Cc) and quartz (Qz) peaks labeled (JADE, 1993–2002).

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. X-ray diffraction data derived manually (XRD #1) and electronically (XRD #2) for pedogenic carbonate formed in limestone parent material (n = 9), pedogenic carbonate formed in igneous parent material (n = 9), and detrital limestone (n = 3 for XRD #1; n = 9 for XRD #2). Calcite reference lines are also included (Graf, 1961; Berry and Thompson, 1962; Jade, 1993–2002).