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Methane Oxidation in Forest, Successional, and No-till Agricultural Ecosystems

Effects of Nitrogen and Soil Disturbance

^a Dep. of Crop and Soil Sciences and W.K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State Univ., Hickory Corners, MI 49060
^b School of Biology, Institute of Science, Suranaree Univ. of Technology, Amphur Maung, Nakhonratchasima 30000, Thailand

View larger version (37K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. The reduction of methane oxidation due to soil disturbance and ammonium nitrate fertilizer (100 kg N ha–1) in mature forests, mid-successional communities, and no-till corn (Zea mays L.) fields at the W.K. Kellogg Biological Station Long-term Ecological Research (KBS LTER) site. Vertical bars are standard errors of mean (s.e., n = 3 sites x 7 sample dates). Different higher and lowercase letters represent significant differences (P < 0.05) of treatments among sites and within site, respectively.

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Average daily methane oxidation as affected by soil disturbance and N-fertilizer: (a) mature deciduous forests, (b) mid-successional communities, (c) no-till corn (Zea mays L.) fields, with standard error bars (n = 3 sites) per ecosystem type.

View larger version (49K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Net soil CO2 fluxes as affected by soil disturbance and ammonium nitrate fertilizer (100 kg N ha–1) in mature forests, mid-successional communities, and no-till corn (Zea mays L.) fields at the KBS LTER site. Vertical bars are standard errors of mean (s.e., n = 3 sites x 7 sample dates). Different higher and lowercase letters represent significant differences (P < 0.05) for treatments among sites and among treatments within the same site, respectively.

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Average daily carbon dioxide fluxes as affected by soil disturbance and N-fertilizer: (a) mature deciduous forests, (b) mid-successional communities, (c) no-till corn (Zea mays L.) fields, with standard error bars (n = 3 sites).

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Average daily soil moisture in the study sites as affected by soil disturbance and N-fertilizer: (a) mature deciduous forests, (b) mid-successional communities, (c) no-till corn (Zea mays L.) fields, with standard error bars (n = 3 sites).

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Average daily soil temperature in three W.K. Kellogg Biological Station (KBS) study sites: (a) mature deciduous forests, (b) mid-successional communities, (c) no-till maize fields, with standard error bars (n = 3 sites). There were no differences among experimental treatments.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Average daily soil nitrate in the study sites as affected by soil disturbance and N-fertilizer: (a) mature deciduous forests, (b) mid-successional communities, (c) no-till corn (Zea mays L.) fields, with standard error bars (n = 3 sites).

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8. Average daily soil ammonium as affected by soil disturbance and N-fertilizer: (a) mature deciduous forests, (b) mid-successional communities, (c) no-till corn (Zea mays L.) fields, with standard error bars (n = 3 sites).