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Mineralogy in Relation to Phosphorus Sorption and Dissolved Phosphorus Losses in Runoff

^a USDA-ARS, PSWMRU, 3702 Curtain Rd., University Park, PA 16802
^b Dep. of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, 330 Smyth Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061

View larger version (34K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. X-ray patterns for the nine soils used in the P sorption study conducted on (a) room temperature samples and (b) samples heated to 550°C.

View larger version (42K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Phosphorus retention by the separated clay fractions of each soil type expressed as the percentage of added P that was absorbed during a single point isotherm (adsorption). Desorption expressed as P retained on samples after four sequential desorptions with 0.01 M CaCl2 ([P remaining on clay fraction after four desorptions/P remaining on clay fraction after previous single point adsorption] x 100). Error bars indicate standard deviation. Least significant difference at P < 0.05 was 5.4 and 1.5 for adsorption and desorption, respectively.

View larger version (38K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Phosphorus retention by whole soils expressed as the percentage of added P that was absorbed during a single point isotherm (adsorption). Desorption expressed as P retained on samples after four sequential desorptions with 0.01 M CaCl2 ([P remaining on soil after four desorptions/P remaining on soil after previous single point adsorption] x 100). Error bars indicate standard deviation. Least significant difference at P < 0.05 was 7.3 and 12.7 for adsorption and desorption, respectively.

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Phosphorus retention by the pure minerals expressed as the percentage of added P that was absorbed during a single point isotherm (adsorption). Desorption expressed as P retained on samples after four sequential desorptions with 0.01 M CaCl2 ([P remaining on sample after four desorptions/P remaining on sample after previous single point adsorption] x 100). Error bars indicate standard deviation. Least significant difference at P < 0.05 was 6.5 and 10.7 for adsorption and desorption, respectively.

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Relationship between (a) soil WSP, (b) soil WSP/100 g clay and runoff DRP for soils considered "high" (>0.5) and "low" (<0.5) in the ratio of HIV to kaolinite based on soil mineralogical analysis of the nine different soil types. For each figure, correlation lines of "high" and "low" HIV to kaolinite were significantly different from each other at P = 0.05.