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Fate of Applied Sulfate in Volcanic Ash-Influenced Forest Soils

^a Dep. of Forest Resources, Univ. of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-1133
^b Soil and Land Resources Division, Dep. of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, Univ. of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-2339

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Locations of 19 plots investigated for andic properties and SO4 adsorption–desorption patterns within the Inland Northwest, USA.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. NaF pH dependence on poorly crystalline minerals (%Alo + 0.5%Feo) in sampled regional forest soils. Solid symbols represent research plots and open symbols represent comparison soils. The line shown is the best-fit linear relationship to the research plot data.

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Sulfate adsorption isotherms for initial solution concentrations of 0.52, 1.04, 2.08, 4.17, and 8.33 mmol SO4 L–1. Closed symbols distinguish selected research soils and open symbols comparison soils.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Sulfate adsorption as a function of the andic parameter %Alo + 0.5%Feo for sampled soils. Initial SO4 concentration was 2.08 mmol L–1. Solid lines represent the best-fit linear relationship for the two separate data populations, accompanied by their respective coefficient of determination.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Sulfate adsorption as a function of PO4 retention capacity based on the New Zealand P retention test. Initial solution concentrations for SO4 and PO4 were 2.08 mmol L–1 and 10.53 mmol L–1, respectively. Solid lines represent the best-fit linear relationship for the two separate data populations, accompanied by their respective coefficient of determination.

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Sulfate adsorption as a function of NaF pH for sampled soils. Initial solution concentration was 2.08 SO4 mmol L–1. Solid lines represent the best-fit linear relationship for the two separate data populations, accompanied by their respective coefficient of determination.

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Sulfate quantities adsorbed and desorbed for selected soils. Values are the mean of three replicates. Letters indicate significant differences in quantities of SO4 retained and released ( = 0.05).