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GAS TRANSPORT OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN UNSATURATED SOILS

QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF RETARDATION PROCESSES

^a Dep. of Environmental System Engineering, Hallym Univ., Chuncheon City, Gangwon-do, 200-702, Korea
^b Environmental Sciences Division, MS-6036, Oak Ridge National Lab., Oak Ridge, TN 37831
^c School of Civil Engineering, Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN 47907-2051

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Experimental setup for the gas transport experiments for volatile organic compounds (VOCs). GC, gas chromatograph.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Sorption isotherms at the soil from aqueous-phase tetrachloroethene (PCE) and 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA) measured at 22°C. The term Cs is the volatile organic compound (VOC) concentration adsorbed by the solid phase, and Cw is the VOC concentration in the aqueous phase.

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Measurement of specific air–water interfacial areas (ai). (a) Breakthrough curves (BTCs) for methane and n-hexane at different water contents (w). The pore volume scale is the total volume of column effluent after volatile organic compound (VOC) introduction divided by the gas volume in the column, and the term Cg is the concentration normalized by the total area of the BTC. (b) Measured mean total retardation factor (Rt) values for n-hexane and calculated ai values.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Breakthrough curves for methane, tetrachloroethene (PCE), and 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA) at the water content of 0.154. The term Cg is the concentration normalized by the total area of the breakthrough curve (BTC).

View larger version (30K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Retardation factors for tetrachloroethene (PCE) and 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA). The rectangles (first replication) and triangles (second replication) represent measured total retardation factor (Rt) values; solid lines represent predicted total (Rt) and partial (ß) retardation factors; and vertical solid lines represent the standard deviation of predicted Rt values.

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Ranges of standard deviations (2) for partial retardation factors (ßi and ßd) and predicted total retardation factor (Rt) for tetrachloroethene (PCE) and 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA).