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Scaling of Infiltration and Redistribution of Water across Soil Textural Classes

USDA-ARS, Great Plains Systems Research Unit, 2150 Centre Ave., Building D, Suite 200, Fort Collins, CO 80526

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. (a) Soil water characteristic curves calculated for each texture class using Eq. [1] and average hydrologic properties; (b) Relationship of the slope, b, and intercept, a, (solid line) calculated with Eq. [1] and [2] and the average hydrologic properties for each texture class. Using the p and q values of Gregson et al. (1987), the slope (dash line) was calculated for each textural class based on Eq. [1] (Williams and Ahuja, 2003); (c) Results of scaling the soil water characteristic for the 11 texture classes (Williams and Ahuja, 2003).

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. (a) Log–log relationship between Ks and for the 11 textural classes; (b) Log-log relationship between b and for the 11 texture classes.

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Plot of the normalized cumulative infiltration (I*) versus normalized time (t*) for the textural mean soils that underwent near instantaneous ponding at rainfall intensities of 20 and 10 cm h–1 and an initial pressure head at –1500 kPa.

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Plot of the normalized cumulative infiltration at time of ponding (Ip*) as a function of normalized rainfall intensity (r*) for Scenarios 1 through 4 for the 11 mean textural class soils that underwent non-instantaneous ponding at all rain intensities and an initial pressure head of –1500 kPa.

View larger version (30K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. (a) Plot of the normalized cumulative infiltration after ponding (I* – Ip*) vs. normalized time after ponding (t* – tp*) for all four rain intensities with an initial pressure head of –1500 kPa (Scenarios 1–4) for the 11 mean textural-class soils that underwent non-instantaneous ponding; (b) Plot of the normalized (I* – Ip*) and (t* – tp*) for the same data as in Fig. 5a using the RZWQM value of Ks in place of the -derived Ks in normalizing data for loamy sand.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Log–log relationship of I/(s – i)1/2and the pore-size distribution index () for the six finer textural-class mean soils at 20 cm h–1 rainfall intensity and an initial pressure head of –1500 kPa for soils that instantaneously pond.

View larger version (10K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Log–log plot of Ipr/(s – i) as a function of for all rain intensities for the 11 mean textural classes.

View larger version (32K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8. (a) Log–log relationship of I/(s – i)1/2 and the pore-size distribution index () for the 11 textural-class mean soils at 20 cm h–1 rainfall intensity and an initial pressure head of –1500 kPa; (b) Log-log relationship of I/(s– i)1/2 and the pore-size distribution index () for the 11 textural-class mean soils at 2.5 cm h–1 rainfall intensity and an initial pressure head of –1500 kPa.

View larger version (36K): [in a new window]   Fig. 9. (a) Variation of coefficient A(t) of Eq. [20] from fitted Ip/(s – i)1/2 vs. relations with infiltration times for different rainfall intensities; (b) Variation of coefficient B(t) of Eq. [20] from fitted Ip/(s – i)1/2 vs. relations with infiltration times for different rainfall intensities.

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 10. (a) Log–log relationship of ave/s and time for sand for four initial wetting depths and an initial pressure head of –1500 kPa; and (b) Log-log relationship of ave/s and time for clay for four initial wetting depths and an initial pressure head of –1500 kPa.

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Fig. 11. (a) Variation of coefficient n of Eq. [21] for the 10- and 60-cm wetting depths and an initial pressure head of –1500 kPa; (b) Variation of coefficient n of Eq. [21] for the 30- and 100-cm wetting depths and an initial pressure head of –1500 kPa; and (c) Variation of coefficient C of Eq. [21] for four initial depths and an initial pressure head of –1500 kPa.