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Oxidizing Behavior of Soil Manganese

Interactions among Abundance, Oxidation State, and pH

^a Dep. of Plant and Soil Sciences, Hills Bldg., Univ. of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405-0082
^b Univ. of Chicago/CARS, National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY 11973-5000

View larger version (32K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Manganese-x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectra for aqueous MnSO4, Mn(III)-pyrophosphate, synthetic birnessite, eight recently air-dried, high Mn soils, and synthetic pyrolusite. Successive spectra are offset by 0.2 relative intensity. Energy is relative to the pre-edge peak of a Mn(VII) standard.

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Relative Mn oxidation state (Mn-x-ray absorption near edge structure [XANES] main edge energy at half-height) vs. soil pH.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Total reducible Mn (NH2OH·HCl-extractable Mn) vs. Cr oxidizing capacity (modified Cr Oxidation test with 5 mg Mn equivalent soil samples).

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Change in pH in acid- and base-treated soils vs. corresponding change in Mn-x-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) main edge energy position.

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Selected Mn-x-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra for acid-treated Maple-O samples. Energy is relative to the pre-edge peak of a Mn(VII) standard.