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Soil Wetting and Texture Effects on Aggregate Stability, Seal Formation, and Erosion

Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, the Volcani Centre, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 6, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Infiltration rate as a function of cumulative rainfall for the three soils (with 230, 410, and 620 g kg–1 clay), two WR treatments (1 and 5 mm h–1), and three antecedent moisture content (AMC) treatments (air dry, 0.25 and 0.5 field capacity). Rain intensity was 42 mm h–1. Bars indicate standard deviation.

View larger version (39K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Final infiltration rate of the three air-dried soils and the three soils prewetted to AMC of 0.5 FC with a WR of 1 mm h–1. Values of a treatment in different soils followed by the same upper case letter and values of the treatments within a soil followed by the same lower case letter are not significantly different ( = 0.05).

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. (A) Mean weight diameter (MWD) determined by fast and slow wettings as a function of clay content in the soil. Regressions are significant at P < 0.05. (B) Slaking values (difference between fast and slow MWD) as a function of the clay content in the soil. Bars indicate standard deviation.

View larger version (34K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Final infiltration rate of the three soils as a function of wetting rate (WR) and antecedent moisture content (AMC) treatments. Values of a treatment in different soils followed by the same upper case letter and values of the treatments within a soil followed by the same lower case letter are not significantly different ( = 0.05).

View larger version (38K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Total soil loss of the three soils obtained with three wetting rates (WR) and three antecedent moisture content (AMC) treatments. Values of a treatment in different soils followed by the same upper case letter and values of the treatments within a soil followed by the same lower case letter are not significantly different ( = 0.05).