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Mobility and Lability of Phosphorus from Granular and Fluid Monoammonium Phosphate Differs in a Calcareous Soil

^a CSIRO Land and Water, PMB 2 Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
^b Agriculture Victoria, Victorian Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Natimuk Rd, PB 260, Horsham, VIC 3400, Australia
^c South Australian Research and Development Institute, Minnipa Agricultural Centre, PO Box 31, Minnipa SA 5654, Australia

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. (a) Total P and (b) percentage of P from fertilizer in soil sections collected at different distances from the point of fertilizer application. The percentage of P from fertilizer in each section (%Pf S1–4) was calculated as follows: %Pf Si = [(Pf)Si x Wi]/i = 1–4 [(Pf)Si x Wi] where, i is the soil section (1–4), (Pf)Si and Wi are the concentration of fertilizer P and the soil weight of each section respectively. (Pf)Si is calculated by subtracting the P concentration of the untreated soil (236 mg kg–1) from the concentration of the fertilized soil. Error bars represent standard errors of five replicates. LSD for fertilizer treatment x soil section was (a) 68 and (b) 1.3.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. X-ray diffraction analyses of monoammonium phosphate (MAP) granules incubated for 5 wk in the soil.

View larger version (110K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Scanning electron micrograph of a cross-section of a monoammonium phosphate (MAP) granule incubated for 5 wk in the soil. Dot-maps represent semi-quantitative distribution of P, Fe, and Ca inside the granule.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Concentration of water-soluble P in soil sections collected at different distances from the point of fertilizer application. Error bars represent standard errors of five replicates. LSD for fertilizer treatment x soil section was 2.8.

View larger version (34K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. (a) Labile P and (b) percentage of labile P in soil sections collected at different distances from the point of fertilizer application. The percentage of labile P was calculated dividing the E values for each section by the corresponding total P concentration. Error bars represent standard errors of five replicates. LSD for fertilizer treatment x soil section was (a) 14.8 and (b) 3.1.

View larger version (47K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Lability of fertilizer P (%) in soil sections collected at different distances from the point of fertilizer application. The lability of fertilizer P was calculated by subtracting the soil E value of the untreated soil from the total E value of each section and dividing this number by the concentration of fertilizer P in the respective section (calculated as reported in the legend of Fig. 1). Numbers on the top of each bar represent the corresponding total fertilizer P concentration in milligrams per kilogram (mg kg–1). Error bars represent standard errors of five replicates. LSD for fertilizer treatment x soil section was 13.5.