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Composition, Fabric, and Porosity of an Arenic Haplustalf of Northeast Thailand

Relation to Penetration Resistance

^a ISTO, UMR 6113 CNRS-UO, Univ. d'Orléans, Géosciences, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans, Cedex 2, France
^b Land Dev. Dep., Office of Sci. for Land Dev., Phaholyothin Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
^c Unité de Science du Sol, INRA Orléans, Domaine de Limère, Ardon, BP 20619, 45166 Olivet Cedex, France

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. X-ray diffractograms (Co K, values of reflection in nm) of the grounded <2-mm fraction: tilled topsoil (Ap horizon), 25- to 35-cm subsoil (E horizon), and 40- to 50-cm subsoil (Bt horizon).

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. X-ray diffractograms (Co K, values of reflection in nm) of the oriented Mg-saturated <2-µm fraction (Mg N), ethylene-glycol-treated Mg-saturated <2-µm fraction (Mg EG) and 520°C heated K-saturated <2-µm fraction (K 520°C) in the tilled topsoil (Ap horizon), 25- to 35-cm subsoil (E horizon), and 40- to 50-cm subsoil (Bt horizon).

View larger version (86K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Back-scattered electron scanning images: (a) topsoil (Ap horizon), (b) 25- to 35-cm subsoil (E horizon), and (c) 40- to 50-cm subsoil (Bt horizon). Voids occupied by resin are black, homogeneous gray areas are quartz grains, very light particles in the silt range size are much heavier mineral than quartz, and heterogeneous gray areas are fine silt and clay particles and associated porosity (bar scale = 1 mm).

View larger version (191K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Back-scattered electron scanning images: (a,b) topsoil (Ap horizon), (c,d) 25- to 35-cm subsoil (E horizon), and (e,f) 40- to 50-cm subsoil (Bt horizon). Voids occupied by resin are black, homogeneous gray areas are quartz grains, and heterogeneous gray areas are fine silt and clay particles and associated porosity (bar scale = 100 µm).

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Mercury intrusion results recorded for the 25- to 35-cm subsoil (E horizon): (a) mean cumulated pore volume curve, (b) derivative curve.

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Resistance to penetration expressed as unconfined strength with respect to water content in the Ap (), E (), and Bt () horizons.