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Hydraulic and Physical Properties of Stony Soils in a Small Watershed

^a USDA-ARS, Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit, Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, currently at USDA-ARS, National Soil Tilth Lab., 2150 Pammel Drive, Ames, IA 50011-4420
^b USDA-ARS, National Soil Tilth Lab., 2150 Pammel Drive, Ames, IA 50011-4420

View larger version (130K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Soil map of the Savoy field site including a legend for the map unit labels (Harper et al., 1969). Transects 1, 2, and 3 refer to the measurement transects of this study. Labels Ra, Rg, Ca, and Na refer to double-ring infiltrometer sites reported in Sauer et al. (1998). Labels NN, CN, NS, and CS refer to sprinkling infiltrometer sites reported in Sauer et al. (2000).

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Elevation profiles for the three transects from perspective of looking upstream from the watershed outlet. Points indicate locations of individual measurement sites with distance from the ephemeral channel.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Values of ponded infiltration rate, is, for each measurement location by soil for the three transects. The Nixa soil (Na) corresponds to the ridge tops, the Clarksville soil (Cl) to the side slopes, and the Razort soil (Rg) to the valley bottom. Hollow symbols indicate measurement locations in pasture, solid symbols indicate forest.

View larger version (30K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Infiltration rates measured under ponded conditions and at three negative pressure heads at each location for the three measurement transects. The Nixa soil (Na) corresponds to the ridge tops, the Clarksville soil (Cl) to the side slopes, and the Razort soil (Rg) to the valley bottom. Hollow symbols indicate measurement locations in pasture, solid symbols indicate forest.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Mean hydraulic conductivity by soil at varying volumetric water content corresponding to h = 0, -0.03, -0.06, and -0.12 m. Water contents were determined on the fine-earth fraction only using hanging water column apparatus.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Silt and clay content vs. rock fragment content for the Nixa (Na), Clarksville (Cl), and Razort (Rg) soils.

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Saturated hydraulic conductivity, Ks vs.(A) silt and (B) rock fragment content and hydraulic conductivity at h = -0.12 m, vs. (C) silt and (D) rock fragment content.