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Extracellular Enzyme Activity Beneath Temperate Trees Growing Under Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Ozone

^a School of Natural Resources & Environment, Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
^b Dep. of Earth, Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Univ. of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606-3390

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Mean phosphatase activity in nonrhizosphere soil collected beneath aspen, aspen-birch, and aspen-maple growing under ambient and elevated CO2. Means with the same letter are not significantly different, and one standard deviation is indicated by the length of each error bar.

View larger version (38K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. The mean activity of extracellular enzymes involved in the degradation of plant litter under ambient and elevated CO2. Values are the means in nonrhizosphere soil averaged across ozone, species, and sampling dates. One standard deviation is indicated by the length of each error bar.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Mean -glucosidase, N-acetylglucosaminidase, and cellobiohydrolase activity in nonrhizospehre soil under ambient and elevated CO2 for May, July, and October sampling dates. Means with the same letter are not significantly different and one standard deviation is indicated by the length of each error bar.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. The interaction of CO2 and O3 on cellobiohydrolase activity in nonrhizosphere soil. Values are means across sampling dates and species treatments, and the standard deviation is indicated by the length of each error bar. Means with the same letter are not significantly different.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Principal components analysis of microbial growth on BIOLOG GN microplates for (A) root exudates and for (B) all substrates. Results are from rhizosphere soil collected beneath the aspen-birch species combination during the October sampling date, which illustrates the poor discrimination among treatments based on substrate use.