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Vertical distributions of carbon dioxide diffusion coefficients and production rates in forest soils

Lab. of Forest Hydrology and Erosion Control Engineering, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The Univ. of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Mathematical discretization of the measuring system.

View larger version (37K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Schematic diagrams of (A) the measuring system, (B) the system for controlling soil water, and (C) the system for controlling soil temperature.

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of the boundary control.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Average suction profiles for wetter conditions (condition WT) and drier conditions (condition DR) (A1, B1) and the measured CO2 profiles used to determine the gas diffusion coefficents (A2, B2) and the obtained gas diffusion coefficients (A3, B3). The CO2 fluxes were calculated at each depth from the CO2 profile and the gas diffusion coefficient (A4, B4). The CO2 production rate in a certain layer is the difference between the flux of inflow and outflow (A5, B5). The CO2 profiles were measured at 0-, 10-, 20-, 30-, and 40-cm depths. The plotted values are the average values between these depths.

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Comparison of the gas diffusion coefficient values measured in this study and values calculated from the Millington-Quirk and new Moldrup models. (•: 10 cm; : 20 cm, : 30 cm, open symbols are values under wetter conditions (condition WT), and solid symbols are values under drier conditions (condition DR).

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. The relationships between soil depth and air porosity, the relative gas diffusion coefficient, and CO2 production rate.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. The relationship between soil temperature and the CO2 production rate. These relationships were approximated as linear equations.

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8. The change in soil temperature (A) and a comparison of simulated and measured (B) CO2 flux from the soil surface and (C) soil CO2 profiles. The lines are the simulated values.