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Nonsingularity of Naphthalene Sorption in Soil

Observations and the Two-Compartment Model

^a Dep. of Environmental Engineering, Aalborg Univ., Sohngaardsholmsvej 57, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark
^b Danish Inst. of Agricultural Sciences, Research Centre Foulum P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
^c Soils and Biogeochemistry, Dep. of Land, Air and Water Resources, Univ. of California, Davis, CA 95616

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Measured and optimized short-term (48 h adsorption and 48 h desorption step) adsorption-desorption isotherms using the TCOR model (solid lines). The dotted line is the true equilibrium isotherm based on the optimized model parameters. Error bars represent standard deviation on experimental data.

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Measured and optimized longer-term (504 h adsorption and 48 h desorption step) adsorption-desorption isotherms using the TCOR model (solid lines). The dotted line is the true equilibrium isotherm based on the optimized model parameters. Error bars represent standard deviation on experimental data.

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Degree of sorption nonsingularity, , of the measured naphthalene adsorption-desorption isotherms as a function of the initial concentration of naphthalene in the sorption experiment. I and II represent the defined types of sorption nonsingularity. Open symbol represents short-term (48 h adsorption and 48 h desorption step) and closed symbols longer-term (504 h adsorption and 48 h desorption step) experiments.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Model parameter optimization on short-term (48 h adsorption and 48 h desorption step) adsorption-desorption of naphthalene on Hjørring soil with varying numbers of desorption steps used in the optimization procedure. Open symbols represent data not used in the optimization procedure. Model simulations are continued beyond data to illustrate the consequence of varying model parameters on the description of the desorption process.

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Predicting longer-term (504 h adsorption and 48 h desorption step) adsorption-desorption isotherms using model parameters optimized on short-term data (Table 2, solid lines). Dotted lines represent true equilibrium based on short-term parameters.

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. The ability of the TCOR sorption model to predict naphthalene adsorption kinetics using either short-term or longer-term model parameters on Lerbjerg 1 (left) and Hjørring (right) soil at two different initial concentrations (0.50 mg L-1 and 5.0 mg L-1). Error bars represent standard deviation on experimental data.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Measured and optimized a (a) short-term (24 h adsorption and 24 h desorption) and (b) longer-term (168 h adsorption and 168 h desorption step) adsorption-desorption isotherms using the TCOR model (solid lines). The dotted line is the true equilibrium isotherm based on the optimized model parameters. (c) Predicting longer-term adsorption-desorption isotherms using model parameters optimized on short-term data (Table 4, solid lines). Dotted lines represent true equilibrium based on short-term parameters.