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Water Budget Approach to Quantify Corn Grain Yields Under Variable Rooting Depths

^a USDA-ARS, Alternate Crops and Systems Lab., Bldg. 007, Rm. 116, BARC-West, 10300 Baltimore Ave., Beltsville, MD, 20705
^b USDA-ARS Hydrology and Remote Sensing Lab., Bldg. 007, Rm. 106, BARC-W, 10300 Baltimore Ave., Beltsville, MD 20705
^c College of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 21360, Rio Piedras, PR 00928
^d Dept. of Soil, Crop, and Atmospheric Sciences, Bradfield Hall, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY 14853

View larger version (12K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Relationship between available water and the relative transpiration ratio.

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Cumulative rainfall and Class A pan evaporation at Aurora, NY (1983 to 1985).

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Mean water potential data for the 1985 nonirrigated plots from tensiometers and gypsum blocks; (a) water potentials for plots where soil rooting depth >0.50 m and (b) water potentials for plots with soil rooting depth <0.50 m. The symbols T and S indicate timing of 50% tasseling and silking respectively. The calibrated range of the gypsum blocks did not extend to matric potentials more negative than -1500 kPa.

View larger version (10K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Comparison of irrigated and nonirrigated corn grain yields as a function of soil depth at Aurora. The same shape symbols are shown for the paired irrigated and nonirrigated plots. Filled symbols denote irrigated plots and hollow symbols nonirrigated.

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Response to irrigation vs. soil depth.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Corn grain yield vs. soil depth at Aurora, 1983–1985.

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Grain yield vs. calculated stress index for Aurora, 1983–1985.

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8. Relative yield vs. calculated stress index for Canton, 1983 and 1985 Aurora data.

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 9. Measured relative grain yields and relative yield predicted by Eq. [8] vs. soil depth for the 1985 data.