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Solute Transport for Steady-State and Transient Flow in Soils with and without Macropores

Institute for Land and Water Management, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Vital Decosterstraat 102, 3000 Leuven, Belgium

View larger version (8K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1 Soil bulk electrical conductivity ECa in the loam soil for the steady-state flow experiments vs. the conductivity of the soil solution Ecw

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2 Soil bulk electrical conductivity (a) ECa and (b) relative concentrations cr vs. time t and vs. transformed time t* (Eq. [17]) in the sandy loam soil at the 0.125- and 0.725-m depths during a transient flow leaching experiment (Exp. 4)

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3 Water content and cumulative drainage depth I, initial soil bulk electrical conductivity ECain, and the soil bulk electrical conductivity when the initial soil solution is completely replaced by the leaching solution ECa0, during an infiltration–drainage cycle in the sandy loam soil (Exp. 4) at the 0.125- and 0.725-m depths

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4 Relative concentrations, cr, at two depths in the sandy loam and loam soils (0.125 and 0.725 m) during a steady-state (Exp. 3) and a transient flow (Exp. 4) leaching experiment with a similar time averaged flow. For the transient experiment, cr is plotted vs. the transformed time coordinate t* (Eq. [17])

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5 Relative flux concentrations, cf, measured in the drain water, relative concentrations measured in the drain water that was collected during one infiltration–drainage cycle, cfcum, and relative resident concentrations cr measured in situ at the bottom of the soil column during steady and transient flow experiments with similar time-averaged flow rates in the loam soil. The concentrations are plotted vs. time, t

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6 Methylene blue stained area at various depths in the loam soil profile

View larger version (33K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7 Average solute particle velocity v (steady-state flow), v* (transient flow) derived from convection–dispersion equation fits to breakthrough curves of cr and cf, and the piston flow velocity vp (steady-state flow, Eq. [7]) and v*p (transient flow, Eq. [18]) in the sandy loam soil

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8 Average solute particle velocity v (steady-state flow), v* (transient flow) derived from convection–dispersion equation fits to breakthrough curves of cr and cf, and the piston flow velocity vp (steady-state flow, Eq. [7]) and v*p (transient flow, Eq. [18]) in the loam soil

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 9 Dispersivity derived from convection–dispersion equation fits to breakthrough curves of cr and cf in the sandy loam soil. (For transient flow, .)

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Fig. 10 Dispersivity derived from convection–dispersion equation fits to breakthrough curves of cr and cf in the loam soil. (For transient flow, .)

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 11 (eff for the transient flow leaching experiments) vs. the flow rate Jw (effective flow rate, w eff (Eq. [14]), for the transient flow leaching experiments)