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Rheological Properties of Aqueous Suspensions of Palygorskite

^a The Seagram Center for Soil and Water Sciences, The Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Quality Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1 Flow curves of 3% (w/v) suspensions of Na–palygorskites at pH 7

View larger version (108K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2 Transmission electron micrographs of the (a) Yucatan and (b) Mt. Flinders samples

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3 Effect of fiber ellipticity on (a) plastic viscosity, (b) Bingham yield value, and (c) apparent viscosity of 3% (w/v) suspensions at pH 7 for Na–palygorskites used in the study

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4 Flow curves of Na–palygorskite from the Negev at different suspension concentrations at pH 7

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5 Plastic viscosity of Na–palygorskite suspensions at pH 7 as a function of suspension concentration

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6 Flow curves of 5% (w/v) suspensions of Yucatan palygorskite adsorbed with different ions at pH 7

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7 Relationship between pH and electrophoretic mobility at different electrolyte concentrations for Na–palygorskite from the Negev

View larger version (180K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8 Scanning electron micrographs of Na–palygorskite from the Negev showing differences in arrangement of fibers in suspension between low and high pH values: (a, b) pH 3 at different magnifications and (c, d) pH 10 at different magnifications

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 9 Flow curves of 3% (w/v) suspensions of Na–palygorskite from the Negev at different pH values

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 10 The effect of electrolyte addition on (a) plastic viscosity and (b) Bingham yield value of 3% (w/v) suspensions at different pH values for Na–palygorskite from the Negev

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 11 Flow curves of 3 and 5% suspensions of Na–palygorskite from Florida at pH 7 showing antithixotropic behavior of the suspensions

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 12 The effect of pH on hysteresis loop area enclosed by flow curves of 3% suspensions of Na–palygorskite from Florida at different electrolyte concentrations. The area of hysteresis loop is accepted to be positive if the behavior of the system is thixotropic and negative if the behavior is antithixotropic