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Evolution of CO₂ during Birnessite-Induced Oxidation of ¹⁴C-Labeled Catechol

^a Dep. of Agronomy and Center for Bioremediation and Detoxification, The Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA 16802 USA
^b Dep. of Soil Science, Univ. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5A8

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1 Phase distribution of catechol-derived carbon as a function of time during reaction with birnessite in suspension at pH 4 (no additions at 5 h): (a) normal conditions; (b) sterile conditions. Initial catechol and birnessite concentrations were 13.8 mmol C L-1 and 1.0 g L-1 respectively. Mean value ± sample standard deviation is shown

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2 Phase distribution of catechol-derived carbon as a function of time during reaction with birnessite in suspension at pH 4. Effects of second pulse of reactants [no additions (+0); catechol added (+C), birnessite added (+B) and both added (+BC)] at 5-h reaction time: (a) dissolved C; (b) solid-phase C; (c) CO2 evolution. Initial and second pulse catechol concentrations each provided 13.8 mmol C L-1. Initial and second pulse birnessite concentrations each provided 1.0 g L-1. Standard deviations are indicated

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3 Kinetics of Mn dissolution in the reaction of catechol and birnessite at pH 4. Effects of second pulse of reactants [no additions (+0), catechol added (+C), birnessite added (+B) and both added (+BC)] at 5-h reaction time. Initial and second pulse catechol concentrations each provided 13.8 mmol C L-1. Initial and second pulse birnessite concentrations each provided 1.0 g L-1. Standard deviations are indicated

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4 Diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) difference spectra of solid-phase reaction products. Spectra are the results of subtracting the birnessite spectrum from those of the solid-phase materials