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Numerical Analysis of the Effect of the Lower Boundary Condition on Solute Transport in Lysimeters

^a Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
^b Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521 USA

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1 Hydraulic properties of the soils used in the simulations. Parameters of the hydraulic functions are given in Table 1

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2 Steady-state volumetric water content in the lysimeter. (a) Water contents for different flow rates illustrated with the loamy soil, (b) water contents for a constant flow rate of q = 0.1 cm d-1 in sandy and loamy soil

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3 Breakthrough curves of a nonsorbing solute (K = 0) in the field (solid line) and the lysimeter (dashed line) for different flow rates. Note the different scales of the axes

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4 Comparison of the transport of a solute with different distribution coefficients K in the sandy and loamy soil (linear equilibrium sorption). The water flux was in all cases q = 0.5 cm d-1. Note the different scales of the axes

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5 Effect of linear equilibrium sorption on the difference in solute transport between lysimeter and field soil. is the ratio of the mean travel times in lysimeter and field soil, is the ratio of the variances of the travel time, and is the ratio of the maximum concentrations of the breakthrough curves. The water flux was in all cases q = 0.5 cm d-1

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6 Effect of (a) nonlinear equilibrium sorption (S = KCn) and (b) nonequilibrium sorption [C/t = ß(KC - S)] on the ratio of maximum concentrations in the sandy soil. The parameters n and ß are the nonlinearity constant of the sorption isotherm and the nonequilibrium rate coefficient, respectively. The water flux for these simulations was q = 0.5 cm d-1