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Differential Effects of Earthworms on Nitrogen Cycling from Various Nitrogen-15-Labeled Substrates

^a MacArthur Agro-Ecology Research Center, 300 Buck Island Ranch Rd., Lake Placid, FL 33852 USA
^b Dep. of Entomology, Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH 43210 USA
^c Environmental Sciences Graduate Program, Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH 43210 USA

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1 The percentage of initially added excess 15N that was incorporated into the 0–5 cm soil layer in cores treated with 15N-labeled KNO3 (upper panel), rye (middle panel) or manure (lower panel), and incubated with (shaded bars) or without (open bars) earthworms. Asterisks indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) between cores with or without worms. Error bars are standard errors

View larger version (30K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2 The percentage of initially added excess 15N that was incorporated into the 5–20 cm soil layer in cores treated with 15N-labeled KNO3 (upper panel), rye (middle panel) or manure (lower panel), and incubated with (shaded bars) or without (open bars) earthworms . Asterisks and error bars are as for Fig. 1

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3 The percentage of initially added excess 15N that was recovered in the >2000-µm size fraction of POM in the 0–5 cm soil layer of cores treated with 15N-labeled KNO3 (upper panel), rye (middle panel) or manure (lower panel), and incubated with or without worms . Asterisks and error bars are as for Fig. 1

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4 The percentage of initially added excess 15N that was recovered in the 53–2000 µm size fraction of POM in the 0–5 cm soil layer of cores treated with 15N-labeled KNO3 (upper panel), rye (middle panel) or manure (lower panel), and incubated with or without worms . Asterisks and error bars are as for Fig. 1

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5 Microbial biomass N in 0–5 cm soil layer of cores treated with 15N-labeled KNO3 (upper panel), rye (middle panel) or manure (lower panel), and incubated with or without worms. Asterisks and error bars are as for Fig. 1

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6 The percentage of initial excess 15N recovered in microbial-biomass N in the 0–5 cm layer of soil cores treated with 15N-labeled KNO3 (upper panel), rye (middle panel) or manure (lower panel), and incubated with or without worms. Asterisks and error bars are as for Fig. 1

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7 The concentration of inorganic N in soil extracts from the upper 5 cm of soil cores treated with 15N-labeled KNO3 (upper panel), rye (middle panel) or manure (lower panel), and incubated with or without worms. Asterisks and error bars are as for Fig. 1

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8 Earthworm growth during the course of the experiment in soil cores treated with manure (·····), rye litter (– – – –) or potassium nitrate (•—•). Error bars are standard errors

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 9 Accumulation of 15N in earthworm tissue in cores treated with 15N-labeled rye (•—•), manure (– – – –), or potassium nitrate (·····). Error bars are standard errors