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SOIL & WATER MANAGEMENT & CONSERVATION

Soil Profile Nitrate Response to Nitrogen Fertilization of Winter Triticale

^a Dep. of Agronomy, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011
^b USDA-ARS, National Soil Tilth Lab., Ames, IA 50011

^* Corresponding author (lgibson{at}iastate.edu).

Growing triticale (xTriticosecale Wittmack) as a winter crop has the potential to utilize residual NO₃–N from previous crops, thus reducing its availability for leaching. Our objectives were to quantify N capture and changes in soil NO₃–N levels in response to N fertilization of triticale grown following either silage corn (Zea mays L.) or soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Field studies were conducted in 2003–2004 and 2004–2005 near Ames and Lewis, IA. Soil samples to a depth of 120 cm were collected after the corn and soybean were harvested and again after growing triticale with four rates of N fertilizer (0, 33, 66, and 99 kg N ha^–1). Partial N budgets were computed using profile NO₃–N before triticale planting, N fertilizer applications, plant uptake, and profile NO₃–N after triticale harvest. Nitrogen capture by triticale at physiological maturity was 44 to 93 kg N ha^–1 when no N was applied and was as high as 164 kg N ha^–1 with addition of 99 kg N ha^–1. Growing winter triticale reduced profile NO₃–N by an average of 33 to 53 kg ha^–1 at Ames and 46 to 53 kg ha^–1 at Lewis. Winter triticale dry matter and grain yields were maximized while simultaneously capturing and efficiently utilizing soil N left from previous silage corn and soybean crops.