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DIVISION S-8—NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT & SOIL & PLANT ANALYSIS

Diagnosis of Sulfur Deficiency in Soybean using Seeds

^a Crop Production & Environment Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), 1-1 Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8686, Japan
^b Soybean Research Center of the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corp. (EMBRAPA-CNPSo), Caixa Postal 231, CEP 86001-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil

^* Corresponding author (koki5025{at}jircas.affrc.go.jp).

The objectives of this study were to obtain a reliable index for the evaluation of the S nutrition status in soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merr.] and to identify the critical S level in relation to seed yield and quality. Two Oxisols were used: A-horizon soil from Serra dos Gerais, and A- and B-horizon soils from Sambaiba in Maranhão State, Brazil. Soybean plants in pots were grown in a greenhouse with the supply of 0 to 80 mg S kg^–1 soil. The seed S concentration was a more reliable index of seed yield because of the higher correlation between S concentration and yield. In the plants with visible symptoms of S deficiency, the seeds contained 1.5 g S kg^–1, and the seed yield was 60% of the control. Electrophoresis analysis indicated that the critical seed S concentration for deficiency of protein components was 2.0 g kg^–1 when the yield was 80% of the control. The S concentration was 2.3 g kg^–1 or higher for >90% yield when the composition of the protein components was identical with that in the original seeds obtained under sufficient S fertilization. We classified the S concentration in the seeds as: deficient (S < 1.5 g kg^–1), very low (1.5 S < 2.0 g kg^–1), low (2.0 S < 2.3 g kg^–1), and normal (2.3 g kg^–1 S). Because of stable S concentration, easy sampling, and sufficient time for planning of fertilizer application for the subsequent cropping, seed analysis is preferable to leaf analysis.

Abbreviations: ICP, inductively coupled plasma

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