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DIVISION S-4—SOIL FERTILITY & PLANT NUTRITION

Nitrogen Use Efficiency of ¹⁵N-labeled Poultry Manure

Danish Inst. of Agric. Sci., Dep. of Agroecology, Research Centre Foulum, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark

^* Corresponding author (ingrid.thomsen{at}agrsci.dk).

The timing between poultry manure N mineralization and crop N uptake as influenced by manure application time (winter or spring) and bedding material [barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) straw, wood chips, or no bedding] was investigated with ¹⁵N-labeled poultry manure. Reference plots received either a high or low dose of ¹⁵N-labeled mineral fertilizer in spring or were without manure and fertilizer N. The ¹⁵N recovery was measured for 1 yr in spring barley and for the two following years in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). Barley grain yield and N uptake were significantly higher when poultry manure had been applied in spring compared with application in winter. The barley ¹⁵N recovery was 15% for winter-applied manure and 38% for manure applied in spring. The recovery of manure ¹⁵N from spring-applied poultry manure corresponded to 82% of what was taken up by barley in the fertilizer-amended soil, where ¹⁵N recovery averaged 46%. Bedding in poultry manure had no effect on crop ¹⁵N uptake. Ryegrass recoveries of ¹⁵N from manure and fertilizer were 4 to 6% in the second year and 1 to 2% in the third year. After 3 yr, 94% of ¹⁵N of spring-applied poultry manure and 88% of mineral fertilizer were recovered in crops plus soil. Total recovery of ¹⁵N from winter-applied poultry manure averaged 56%. The bedding had no influence on total ¹⁵N recovery. It is concluded that although poultry manure contains bedding with high C:N ratios which potentially could immobilize N for a period, optimum time for manure application is in the spring.

Abbreviations: CAN, calcium ammonium nitrate • MFE, mineral fertilizer equivalent

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