HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Figures Only Full Text Free Full Text (PDF) Free Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in ISI Web of Science Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via ISI Web of Science (3) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Tokashiki, Y. Articles by Arachchi, L. P. V. Search for Related Content PubMed Articles by Tokashiki, Y. Articles by Arachchi, L. P. V. GeoRef GeoRef Citation Agricola Articles by Tokashiki, Y. Articles by Arachchi, L. P. V. Related Collections Soil Mineralogy Pedology Soil Analysis

DIVISION S-5—PEDOLOGY

Improvement of the Successive Selective Dissolution Procedure for the Separation of Birnessite, Lithiophorite, and Goethite in Soil Manganese Nodules

^a Professor of Soil Science and Land Conservation, Dep. of Environmental Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Univ. of the Ryukyus, Nishihara- cho, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
^b Senior Soil Scientist, Coconut Research Institute, Lunuwila, Sri Lanka

^* Corresponding author (toka2841{at}agr.u-ryukyu.ac.jp)

A successive selective dissolution procedure was improved to distinguish two Mn oxide minerals namely, birnessite (Bs) and lithiophorite (Lp) from Fe oxide minerals in soil Mn nodules. Soil Mn nodules collected from Typic Hapludalfs in Okinawa Island, Japan, were dissolved using successive NaOH, hydroxylamine hydrochloride (HAHC), and dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (DCB) reagents at various temperatures. A test sample was prepared by mixing synthetic Bs, Lp (USNM#8811), natural gibbsite (Gb) and goethite (Ge), and soil clay containing kaolinite, illite, and vermiculite-chlorite intergrade mineral and used as a comparative standard. The NaOH treatment was able to dissolve kaolinite and Gb, concentrated the Bs, Lp, and Ge in the comparative sample. The HAHC treatment at 25°C effectively dissolved Bs but Lp and Ge remained undissolved. A subsequent extraction with HAHC at 60°C dissolved Lp without disturbing Ge. Finally, the DCB treatment was able to dissolve Ge. Thus, extraction with HAHC at 25 and 60°C were useful in distinguishing Bs and Lp respectively from Fe oxides minerals. The proposed method can also be applied to distinguish Mn, Fe, and Al oxide minerals in Fe-Mn nodules of natural soil.

Abbreviations: Bs, birnessite • DCB, diothionite-citrate-bicarbonate • Gb, gibbsite • Ge, geothite • HAHC, hydroxylamine hydrochloride • Lp, lithiophorite ore • XRD, x-ray diffraction

This article has been cited by other articles:

				L. P. V. Arachchi, L. P. V. Arachchi, Y. Tokashiki, and S. Baba MINERALOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND MICROMORPHOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS OF BRITTLE/SOFT Fe/Mn CONCRETIONS FROM OKINAWAN SOILS Clays and Clay Minerals, August 1, 2004; 52(4): 462 - 472. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]