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DIVISION S-1—SOIL PHYSICS

Gas Diffusivity in Undisturbed Volcanic Ash Soils

Test of Soil-Water-Characteristic-Based Prediction Models

^a Dep. of Environ. Engineering, Aalborg Univ., Sohngaardsholmsvej 57
^b City and Environment Section, Aalborg Municipality, Vesterbro 14, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark
^c Osozawa), Dep. of Regional Crops Science, Natl. Agric. Res. Center for Western Region, Senyu 1-3-1, Zentsuji, Kagawa, 765-8508 Japan
^d Yamaguchi), Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-okub, Saitama, 338-8570 Japan
^e Soils and Biogeochemistry, Dep. of Land, Air, and Water Resources, Univ. of California, Davis, CA 95616

* Corresponding author (i5pm{at}civil.auc.dk)

Soil-water-characteristic-dependent (SWC-dependent) models to predict the gas diffusion coefficient, D_P, in undisturbed soil have only been tested within limited ranges of pore-size distribution and total porosity. Andisols (volcanic ash soils) exhibit unusually high porosities and water retention properties. The Campbell SWC model and two Campbell SWC-based models for predicting D_P in undisturbed soil were tested against SWC and D_P data for 18 Andisols and four Gray-lowland (paddy field) soils from Japan. The Campbell model accurately described SWC data for all 22 soils within the matric potential range from -10 to -15000 cm H₂O. The SWC-dependent Buckingham-Burdine-Campbell (BBC) gas diffusivity model predicted D_P data well within the same matric potential range for the 18 Andisols. The BBC model showed a minor but systematic underprediction of D_P for three out of the four Gray-lowland soils, likely due to a blocky soil structure with internal fissures. A recent D_P model that also takes into account macroporosity performed nearly as well as the BBC model. However, D_P in the macropore region (air-filled pores >30 µm) was consistently underpredicted, likely due to high continuity of the macropore system in both Andisols and Gray-lowland soils. In agreement with previous model tests for 21 European soils (representing lower porosities and water retention properties), both SWC-dependent D_P models gave better predictions for the 22 Japanese soils than soil-type independent models. Combining D_P and SWC data, a so-called gas diffusion fingerprint (GDF) plot to describe soil aeration potential is proposed.

Abbreviations: BBC, Buckingham-Burdine-Campbell • GDF, gas diffusion fingerprint • IRC, incremental relative change in gas diffusivity • REV, representative elementary volume • RMSE, root mean square error • SWC, soil-water characteristic

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