| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Lab., P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335
* Corresponding author (westto{at}ornl.gov)
Changes in agricultural management can potentially increase the accumulation rate of soil organic C (SOC), thereby sequestering CO2 from the atmosphere. This study was conducted to quantify potential soil C sequestration rates for different crops in response to decreasing tillage intensity or enhancing rotation complexity, and to estimate the duration of time over which sequestration may occur. Analyses of C sequestration rates were completed using a global database of 67 long-term agricultural experiments, consisting of 276 paired treatments. Results indicate, on average, that a change from conventional tillage (CT) to no-till (NT) can sequester 57 ± 14 g C m-2 yr-1, excluding wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-fallow systems which may not result in SOC accumulation with a change from CT to NT. Enhancing rotation complexity can sequester an average 20 ± 12 g C m-2 yr-1, excluding a change from continuous corn (Zea mays L.) to corn-soybean (Glycine max L.) which may not result in a significant accumulation of SOC. Carbon sequestration rates, with a change from CT to NT, can be expected to peak in 5 to 10 yr with SOC reaching a new equilibrium in 15 to 20 yr. Following initiation of an enhancement in rotation complexity, SOC may reach a new equilibrium in approximately 40 to 60 yr. Carbon sequestration rates, estimated for a number of individual crops and crop rotations in this study, can be used in spatial modeling analyses to more accurately predict regional, national, and global C sequestration potentials.
Abbreviations: CT, conventional tillage • IPCC, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change • NT, no-till • RT, reduced tillage • SOC, soil organic C • SOM, soil organic matter
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  H. Blanco-Canqui, R.J. Stephenson, N.O. Nelson, and D.R. Presley Wheat and Sorghum Residue Removal for Expanded Uses Increases Sediment and Nutrient Loss in Runoff J. Environ. Qual., October 29, 2009; 38(6): 2365 - 2372. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Alluvione, A. D. Halvorson, and S. J. Del Grosso Nitrogen, Tillage, and Crop Rotation Effects on Carbon Dioxide and Methane Fluxes from Irrigated Cropping Systems J. Environ. Qual., August 24, 2009; 38(5): 2023 - 2033. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Cheneby, A. Brauman, B. Rabary, and L. Philippot Differential Responses of Nitrate Reducer Community Size, Structure, and Activity to Tillage Systems Appl. Envir. Microbiol., May 15, 2009; 75(10): 3180 - 3186. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Limon-Ortega, B. Govaerts, and K. D. Sayre Crop Rotation, Wheat Straw Management, and Chicken Manure effects on Soil Quality Agron. J., May 8, 2009; 101(3): 600 - 606. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Hernandez-Ramirez, S. M. Brouder, D. R. Smith, and G. E. Van Scoyoc Greenhouse Gas Fluxes in an Eastern Corn Belt Soil: Weather, Nitrogen Source, and Rotation J. Environ. Qual., March 25, 2009; 38(3): 841 - 854. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P.-A. Jacinthe and R. Lal Tillage Effects on Carbon Sequestration and Microbial Biomass in Reclaimed Farmland Soils of Southwestern Indiana Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., March 1, 2009; 73(2): 605 - 613. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Blanco-Canqui and R. Lal Response to the 'Comments on "No-Tillage and Soil-Profile Carbon Sequestration: An On-Farm Assessment"' Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., March 1, 2009; 73(2): 690 - 691. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. G. Nelson, C. M. Hellwinckel, C. C. Brandt, T. O. West, D. G. De La Torre Ugarte, and G. Marland Energy Use and Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Cropland Production in the United States, 1990-2004 J. Environ. Qual., February 6, 2009; 38(2): 418 - 425. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Hernandez-Ramirez, S. M. Brouder, D. R. Smith, and G. E. Van Scoyoc Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics in an Eastern Corn Belt Soil: Nitrogen Source and Rotation Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., January 21, 2009; 73(1): 128 - 137. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L. Pikul Jr., G. Chilom, J. Rice, A. Eynard, T. E. Schumacher, K. Nichols, J. M. F. Johnson, S. Wright, T. Caesar, and M. Ellsbury Organic Matter and Water Stability of Field Aggregates Affected by Tillage in South Dakota Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., January 21, 2009; 73(1): 197 - 206. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. F. Christopher, R. Lal, and U. Mishra Regional Study of No-Till Effects on Carbon Sequestration in the Midwestern United States Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., January 21, 2009; 73(1): 207 - 216. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. A. Jelinski and C. J. Kucharik Land-use Effects on Soil Carbon and Nitrogen on a U.S. Midwestern Floodplain Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., January 21, 2009; 73(1): 217 - 225. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Poirier, D. A. Angers, P. Rochette, M. H. Chantigny, N. Ziadi, G. Tremblay, and J. Fortin Interactive Effects of Tillage and Mineral Fertilization on Soil Carbon Profiles Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., January 21, 2009; 73(1): 255 - 261. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Tian, T. C. Granato, A. E. Cox, R. I. Pietz, C. R. Carlson Jr., and Z. Abedin Soil Carbon Sequestration Resulting from Long-Term Application of Biosolids for Land Reclamation J. Environ. Qual., January 13, 2009; 38(1): 61 - 74. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. E. Fronning, K. D. Thelen, and D.-H. Min Use of Manure, Compost, and Cover Crops to Supplant Crop Residue Carbon in Corn Stover Removed Cropping Systems Agron. J., November 7, 2008; 100(6): 1703 - 1710. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L. Pikul Jr., J. M. F. Johnson, T. E. Schumacher, M. Vigil, and W. E. Riedell Change in Surface Soil Carbon under Rotated Corn in Eastern South Dakota Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., October 30, 2008; 72(6): 1738 - 1744. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Mazzoncini, C. Di Bene, A. Coli, D. Antichi, M. Petri, and E. Bonari Rainfed Wheat and Soybean Productivity in a Long-Term Tillage Experiment in Central Italy Agron. J., September 8, 2008; 100(5): 1418 - 1429. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Kaiser, R. H. Ellerbrock, and H. H. Gerke Cation Exchange Capacity and Composition of Soluble Soil Organic Matter Fractions Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., September 1, 2008; 72(5): 1278 - 1285. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. A. Angers and N. S. Eriksen-Hamel Full-Inversion Tillage and Organic Carbon Distribution in Soil Profiles: A Meta-Analysis Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., September 1, 2008; 72(5): 1370 - 1374. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Dou, A. L. Wright, and F. M. Hons Sensitivity of Labile Soil Organic Carbon to Tillage in Wheat-Based Cropping Systems Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., August 20, 2008; 72(5): 1445 - 1453. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Liang, H. T. Gollany, R. W. Rickman, S. L. Albrecht, R. F. Follett, W. W. Wilhelm, J. M. Novak, and C. L. Douglas Jr. CQESTR Simulation of Management Practice Effects on Long-Term Soil Organic Carbon Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., August 20, 2008; 72(5): 1486 - 1492. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. D. Halvorson, S. J. Del Grosso, and C. A. Reule Nitrogen, Tillage, and Crop Rotation Effects on Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Irrigated Cropping Systems J. Environ. Qual., June 23, 2008; 37(4): 1337 - 1344. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. T. Venterea and A. J. Stanenas Profile Analysis and Modeling of Reduced Tillage Effects on Soil Nitrous Oxide Flux J. Environ. Qual., June 23, 2008; 37(4): 1360 - 1367. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Negra, C. C. Sweedo, K. Cavender-Bares, and R. O'Malley Indicators of Carbon Storage in U.S. Ecosystems: Baseline for Terrestrial Carbon Accounting J. Environ. Qual., June 23, 2008; 37(4): 1376 - 1382. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. E. Varvel and W. W. Wilhelm Soil Carbon Levels in Irrigated Western Corn Belt Rotations Agron. J., June 23, 2008; 100(4): 1180 - 1184. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Bono, R. Alvarez, D. E. Buschiazzo, and R. J. C. Cantet Tillage Effects on Soil Carbon Balance in a Semiarid Agroecosystem Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., June 18, 2008; 72(4): 1140 - 1149. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Calegari, W. L. Hargrove, D. D. S. Rheinheimer, R. Ralisch, D. Tessier, S. de Tourdonnet, and M. de Fatima Guimaraes Impact of Long-Term No-Tillage and Cropping System Management on Soil Organic Carbon in an Oxisol: A Model for Sustainability Agron. J., June 16, 2008; 100(4): 1013 - 1019. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. K. Sey, J. K. Whalen, E. G. Gregorich, P. Rochette, and R. I. Cue Carbon Dioxide and Nitrous Oxide Content in Soils under Corn and Soybean Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., May 29, 2008; 72(4): 931 - 938. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Blanco-Canqui and R. Lal No-Tillage and Soil-Profile Carbon Sequestration: An On-Farm Assessment Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., May 1, 2008; 72(3): 693 - 701. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Roberson, K. C. Reddy, S. S. Reddy, E. Z. Nyakatawa, R. L. Raper, D. W. Reeves, and J. Lemunyon Carbon dioxide efflux from soil with poultry litter applications in conventional and conservation tillage systems in northern Alabama. J. Environ. Qual., March 1, 2008; 37(2): 535 - 541. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Smith, D. Martino, Z. Cai, D. Gwary, H. Janzen, P. Kumar, B. McCarl, S. Ogle, F. O'Mara, C. Rice, et al. Greenhouse gas mitigation in agriculture Phil Trans R Soc B, February 27, 2008; 363(1492): 789 - 813. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Lal Carbon sequestration Phil Trans R Soc B, February 27, 2008; 363(1492): 815 - 830. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Alvaro-Fuentes, M. V. Lopez, C. Cantero-Martinez, and J. L. Arrue Tillage Effects on Soil Organic Carbon Fractions in Mediterranean Dryland Agroecosystems Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., February 15, 2008; 72(2): 541 - 547. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. O. West, C. C. Brandt, B. S. Wilson, C. M. Hellwinckel, D. D. Tyler, G. Marland, D. G. De La Torre Ugarte, J. A. Larson, and R. G. Nelson Estimating Regional Changes in Soil Carbon with High Spatial Resolution Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., January 25, 2008; 72(2): 285 - 294. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. A. Khan, R. L. Mulvaney, T. R. Ellsworth, and C. W. Boast The Myth of Nitrogen Fertilization for Soil Carbon Sequestration J. Environ. Qual., October 24, 2007; 36(6): 1821 - 1832. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. F. Grant, T. J. Arkebauer, A. Dobermann, K. G. Hubbard, T. T. Schimelfenig, A. E. Suyker, S. B. Verma, and D. T. Walters Net Biome Productivity of Irrigated and Rainfed Maize Soybean Rotations: Modeling vs. Measurements Agron. J., October 15, 2007; 99(6): 1404 - 1423. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. K. Shukla, R. Lal, and D. VanLeeuwen Spatial Variability of Aggregate-Associated Carbon and Nitrogen Contents in the Reclaimed Minesoils of Eastern Ohio Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., September 28, 2007; 71(6): 1748 - 1757. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. P. Garcia, C. S. Wortmann, M. Mamo, R. Drijber, and D. Tarkalson One-Time Tillage of No-Till: Effects on Nutrients, Mycorrhizae, and Phosphorus Uptake Agron. J., June 26, 2007; 99(4): 1093 - 1103. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. A. Quincke, C. S. Wortmann, M. Mamo, T. Franti, R. A. Drijber, and J. P. Garcia One-Time Tillage of No-Till Systems: Soil Physical Properties, Phosphorus Runoff, and Crop Yield Agron. J., June 26, 2007; 99(4): 1104 - 1110. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. A. Quincke, C. S. Wortmann, M. Mamo, T. Franti, and R. A. Drijber Occasional Tillage of No-Till Systems: Carbon Dioxide Flux and Changes in Total and Labile Soil Organic Carbon Agron. J., June 26, 2007; 99(4): 1158 - 1168. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L. Pikul Jr., S. Osborne, M. Ellsbury, and W. Riedell Particulate Organic Matter and Water-Stable Aggregation of Soil under Contrasting Management Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., April 5, 2007; 71(3): 766 - 776. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. J. Kucharik Impact of Prairie Age and Soil Order on Carbon and Nitrogen Sequestration Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., March 12, 2007; 71(2): 430 - 441. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. P. Rasse, J. Mulder, C. Moni, and C. Chenu Carbon Turnover Kinetics with Depth in a French Loamy Soil Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., October 27, 2006; 70(6): 2097 - 2105. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. N. Kravchenko, G. P. Robertson, X. Hao, and D. G. Bullock Management Practice Effects on Surface Total Carbon: Differences in Spatial Variability Patterns Agron. J., October 3, 2006; 98(6): 1559 - 1568. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Dou and F. M. Hons Tillage and Nitrogen Effects on Soil Organic Matter Fractions in Wheat-based Systems Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., September 20, 2006; 70(6): 1896 - 1905. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. T. Venterea, J. M. Baker, M. S. Dolan, and K. A. Spokas Carbon and Nitrogen Storage are Greater under Biennial Tillage in a Minnesota Corn-Soybean Rotation Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., August 22, 2006; 70(5): 1752 - 1762. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
U. M. Sainju, A. Lenssen, T. Caesar-Thonthat, and J. Waddell Carbon sequestration in dryland soils and plant residue as influenced by tillage and crop rotation. J. Environ. Qual., July 1, 2006; 35(4): 1341 - 1347. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. L. Pendell, J. R. Williams, C. W. Rice, R. G. Nelson, and S. B. Boyles Economic feasibility of no-tillage and manure for soil carbon sequestration in corn production in northeastern kansas. J. Environ. Qual., July 1, 2006; 35(4): 1364 - 1373. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. J. Causarano, A. J. Franzluebbers, D. W. Reeves, and J. N. Shaw Soil organic carbon sequestration in cotton production systems of the southeastern United States: a review. J. Environ. Qual., July 1, 2006; 35(4): 1374 - 1383. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. A. Carlisle, K. L. Steenwerth, and D. R. Smart Effects of land use on soil respiration: conversion of oak woodlands to vineyards. J. Environ. Qual., July 1, 2006; 35(4): 1396 - 1404. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. S. Grandy, T. D. Loecke, S. Parr, and G. P. Robertson Long-term trends in nitrous oxide emissions, soil nitrogen, and crop yields of till and no-till cropping systems. J. Environ. Qual., July 1, 2006; 35(4): 1487 - 1495. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
U. M. Sainju, B. P. Singh, W. F. Whitehead, and S. Wang Carbon supply and storage in tilled and nontilled soils as influenced by cover crops and nitrogen fertilization. J. Environ. Qual., July 1, 2006; 35(4): 1507 - 1517. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. R. Mosier, A. D. Halvorson, C. A. Reule, and X. J. Liu Net global warming potential and greenhouse gas intensity in irrigated cropping systems in northeastern colorado. J. Environ. Qual., July 1, 2006; 35(4): 1584 - 1598. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. S. Grandy and G. P. Robertson Aggregation and Organic Matter Protection Following Tillage of a Previously Uncultivated Soil Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., June 21, 2006; 70(4): 1398 - 1406. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. W. Duiker, J. F. Haldeman Jr., and D. H. Johnson Tillage x Maize Hybrid Interactions Agron. J., April 11, 2006; 98(3): 436 - 442. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. E. Clay, C. G. Carlson, S. A. Clay, C. Reese, Z. Liu, J. Chang, and M. M. Ellsbury Theoretical Derivation of Stable and Nonisotopic Approaches for Assessing Soil Organic Carbon Turnover Agron. J., April 11, 2006; 98(3): 443 - 450. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Six, S. D. Frey, R. K. Thiet, and K. M. Batten Bacterial and Fungal Contributions to Carbon Sequestration in Agroecosystems Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., February 27, 2006; 70(2): 555 - 569. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
U. M. Sainju, A. Lenssen, T. Caesar-Tonthat, and J. Waddell Tillage and Crop Rotation Effects on Dryland Soil and Residue Carbon and Nitrogen Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., February 27, 2006; 70(2): 668 - 678. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. E. Varvel Soil Organic Carbon Changes in Diversified Rotations of the Western Corn Belt Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., February 2, 2006; 70(2): 426 - 433. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. E. Russell, D. A. Laird, and A. P. Mallarino Nitrogen Fertilization and Cropping System Impacts on Soil Quality in Midwestern Mollisols Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., January 6, 2006; 70(1): 249 - 255. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Leifeld Soils as sources and sinks of greenhouse gases Geological Society, London, Special Publications, January 1, 2006; 266(1): 23 - 44. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. S. Steinbach and R. Alvarez Changes in soil organic carbon contents and nitrous oxide emissions after introduction of no-till in Pampean agroecosystems. J. Environ. Qual., January 1, 2006; 35(1): 3 - 13. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. T. Venterea, M. Burger, and K. A. Spokas Nitrogen Oxide and Methane Emissions under Varying Tillage and Fertilizer Management J. Environ. Qual., August 9, 2005; 34(5): 1467 - 1477. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. A. Campbell, H. H. Janzen, K. Paustian, E. G. Gregorich, L. Sherrod, B. C. Liang, and R. P. Zentner Carbon Storage in Soils of the North American Great Plains: Effect of Cropping Frequency Agron. J., March 1, 2005; 97(2): 349 - 363. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. E. Russell, D. A. Laird, T. B. Parkin, and A. P. Mallarino Impact of Nitrogen Fertilization and Cropping System on Carbon Sequestration in Midwestern Mollisols Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., March 1, 2005; 69(2): 413 - 422. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. A. Hooker, T. F. Morris, R. Peters, and Z. G. Cardon Long-term Effects of Tillage and Corn Stalk Return on Soil Carbon Dynamics Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., January 1, 2005; 69(1): 188 - 196. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. B. Jackson and W. H. Schlesinger Curbing the U.S. carbon deficit PNAS, November 9, 2004; 101(45): 15827 - 15829. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. H. Hussein, M. C. Rabenhorst, and M. L. Tucker Modeling of Carbon Sequestration in Coastal Marsh Soils Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., September 1, 2004; 68(5): 1786 - 1795. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. R. Allmaras, D. R. Linden, and C. E. Clapp Corn-Residue Transformations into Root and Soil Carbon as Related to Nitrogen, Tillage, and Stover Management Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., July 1, 2004; 68(4): 1366 - 1375. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. J. VandenBygaart and B. D. Kay Persistence of Soil Organic Carbon after Plowing a Long-Term No-Till Field in Southern Ontario, Canada Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., July 1, 2004; 68(4): 1394 - 1402. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Lal Soil Carbon Sequestration Impacts on Global Climate Change and Food Security Science, June 11, 2004; 304(5677): 1623 - 1627. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. W. Wilhelm, J. M. F. Johnson, J. L. Hatfield, W. B. Voorhees, and D. R. Linden Crop and Soil Productivity Response to Corn Residue Removal: A Literature Review Agron. J., January 1, 2004; 96(1): 1 - 17. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| The SCI Journals | Agronomy Journal | Crop Science | |||
| Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education |
Vadose Zone Journal | ||||
| Journal of Plant Registrations | Journal of Environmental Quality |
The Plant Genome | |||
