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DIVISION S-2—SOIL CHEMISTRY

Phosphate and Sulfate Sorption in Spodosols with Albic Horizon from Northern Spain

Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola. Facultade de Bioloxía. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. 15782-Santiago de Compostela, Spain

* Corresponding author (edmcamps{at}usc.es)

The affinity of PO₄ and SO₄ for reactive Al and Fe compounds may differ between the Bh and Bs horizons of Spodosols. Sorption of SO₄ and PO₄ in soils was investigated in four Spodosols from Northern Spain. Sorption experiments were carried out by adding 1.6 and 16.1 mM KH₂PO₄ or 0.4 and 1.6 mM K₂SO₄ to soils (soil/solution, 1:10). Most (98.5–99.8%) of the PO₄ added at 1.6 mM was retained by the illuvial Bh, Bhs, Bsh, and Bs horizons. The SO₄ retained by the same horizons at the same initial concentration was below 28%. Phosphate sorption at 16.1 mM in the Bh and Bhs horizons was significantly (P < 0.05) greater than in the Bsh and Bs, corresponding to their greater oxalate extractable-Al and –Fe contents, whereas the opposite was observed for SO₄ absorption. Sorption of PO₄ primarily displaced mineral-bound organic C and, to a lesser extent, Si into solution, whereas sorption of SO₄ increased solution pH. The molar ratios of organic C released into solution and PO₄ sorbed were greater in the Bsh and Bs horizons than in the Bh and Bhs horizons. The differences observed in PO₄ and SO₄ sorption between Bh and Bs horizons were mainly attributed to the different organic C contents of the horizons and to the dissimilar affinities of the inorganic anions studied for reactive sites.

Abbreviations: Al_cu, CuCl₂-extractable Al • Al_la, LaCl₃-extractable Al • Al_n, NaOH-extractable Al • Al_o, ammonium oxalate-extractable Al • Al_p, sodium pyrophosphate-extractable Al • C_p, sodium pyrophosphate-extractable C • DOC, dissolved organic C • ECEC, effective cation-exchange capacity • Fe_o, ammonium oxalate-extractable Fe • Fe_d, dithionite citrate-extractable Fe • FTIR, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy • ODOE, optical density of the oxalate extract • Si_n, NaOH-extractable Si • Si_o, ammonium-extractable Si • XRD, x-ray diffractometry

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