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DIVISION S-4-SOIL FERTILITY & PLANT NUTRITION

Deep Banding Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizers for Corn Managed with Ridge Tillage

Dep. of Agronomy, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011

Corresponding author (apmallar{at}iastate.edu)

Broadcast fertilization leads to stratification of soil P and K in the ridge-till system, which may reduce fertilizer use efficiency. This study evaluated the response of corn (Zea mays L.) to broadcast or deep-band (15- to 20-cm depth) placements in 15 site–years. Fertilization rates were 0 to 56 kg P ha^-1 and 0 to 132 kg K ha^-1. Soil-test P (STP) and K (STK) were higher in the top 15-cm layer of the ridges. Phosphorus increased early plant growth (V5 stage) in five sites, early P uptake in nine sites, and grain yield in seven sites. Yield was increased by P when STP was <22 mg P kg^-1 (Bray-1) in the top 15-cm layer of ridges or <18 mg P kg^-1 in the top 15 cm of ridges and valleys. The P placements seldom differed (the deep-band P was better in one site). Potassium increased growth in 6 sites, K uptake in 14 sites, and grain yield in nine sites. The deep-band K increased yield over the broadcast K in four sites. The yield response to broadcast K across sites was not correlated with STK, but the response to deep-band K was negatively and linearly correlated with STK from various sampling positions. Corn responded to deep-band K in soils with above-optimum STK according to current soil-test interpretations. The results showed that both placements usually were similarly effective for P, and that deep banding often was superior for K.

Abbreviations: LSD, least significant difference • STK, soil-test K • STP, soil-test P

This article has been cited by other articles:

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