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DIVISION S-5-PEDOLOGY

Lateral Podzolization in a Granite Landscape

^a Inst. für Biomathematik und Biometrie, GSF-Forschungszentrum für Umwelt and Gesundheit, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
^b Inst. für Bodenk. und Standortslehre, Univ. Hohenheim, Emil-Wolfe Str. 27, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany

sommer{at}gsf.de

Analysis of soil pattern, especially the pattern of depletion and accumulation zones, is a powerful tool to decipher pedogenic processes at the landscape scale. To clarify the pedogenesis of a distinct pattern of podzolized soils in the cool, perhumid Black Forest (Germany) we performed a study in the forested upper part of a granitic catchment (Bärhalde). From detailed soil mapping we selected a typical catena of four pedons, which were analyzed for physical (bulk densities and particle-size distribution), chemical (pH, organic C, pyrophosphate, oxalate, dithionite, and total Al, Mn, Fe), and mineralogical (clay minerals) properties. Standard mass balance calculations were modified to include a two-component system with regard to parent material. Results showed a shift from two-mica granite to granite–porphyry downslope. Soil pattern revealed podzolized soils with thick E horizons and thin spodic horizons developed in the upslope areas, whereas in downslope soils the reverse was found (thick spodic B and thin E horizons). Soil chemical and mineralogical properties were linked to soil morphology in that contents of organic C, pedogenic oxides, hydroxy-interlayered vermiculites (HIV), and pH increased from eluvial to illuvial horizons as well as from up- to downslope soils. Mass balances of Fe and Al showed negative fluxes in upslope soils and positive fluxes in downslope soils during pedogenesis. We concluded from these results that a catenary eluvial–illuvial sequence (lateral podzolization) develops as a result of upslope mobilization followed by a (partially) lateral transport and subsequent immobilization in downslope zones, probably because the base-richer parent material built up a geochemical barrier.

Abbreviations: d [subscript], dithionite-extractable • HIV, hydroxy-interlayered vermiculite • o [subscript], oxalate-soluble • p [subscript], pyrophosphate-soluble • XRD, x-ray diffraction • XRF, x-ray fluorescence

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