HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Xia, K. Articles by Skyllberg, U. L. Search for Related Content PubMed Articles by Xia, K. Articles by Skyllberg, U. L. Agricola Articles by Xia, K. Articles by Skyllberg, U. L.

XANES Studies of Oxidation States of Sulfur in Aquatic and Soil Humic Substances

Dep. of Agronomy, 2004 Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS 66506-5501

F. Weesner, W. F. Bleam and P. A. Helmke

Soil Science Dep., Univ. of Wisconsin, 1525 Observatory Dr., Madison, WI 53706

P. R. Bloom and U. L. Skyllberg

Dep. of Soil, Water, and Climate, Univ. of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108

*Corresponding author (kxia{at}ksu.edu).

ABSTRACT

Sulfur K-edge x-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy (XANES) was used to identify multiple organic S oxidation states in aquatic and soil humic substances. The XANES results suggest that S in humic substances exists in four major oxidation groups similar to sulfate ester, sulfonate, sulfoxide, and thiol-sulfide. Thiol S cannot be separated from sulfide S and must be considered as a single thiol-sulfide peak. The second derivative spectra suggest the existence of thiophene and sulfone S. The relative quantities of each major S form in our humic samples were estimated based on the integrated cross section of each s p transition peak corresponding to different S oxidation states in the S K-edge XANES spectra. The XANES results of the four humic samples used in this study appear to reflect the environmental settings where the humic substances originally formed. The percentage of the most reduced organic S (thiol-sulfide and possibly thiophene) in humic substances follows the sequence: aquatic samples > organic soil sample > mineral soil sample. The percentage of most oxidized S (sulfate group) was the greatest in the humic substance from a mineral soil and the lowest in the aquatic humic substances.

Received for publication February 10, 1997.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				P. Mirleau, R. Wogelius, A. Smith, and M. A. Kertesz Importance of Organosulfur Utilization for Survival of Pseudomonas putida in Soil and Rhizosphere Appl. Envir. Microbiol., November 1, 2005; 71(11): 6571 - 6577. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Sandstrom, F. Jalilehvand, E. Damian, Y. Fors, U. Gelius, M. Jones, and M. Salome Sulfur accumulation in the timbers of King Henry VIII's warship Mary Rose: A pathway in the sulfur cycle of conservation concern PNAS, October 4, 2005; 102(40): 14165 - 14170. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Solomon, J. Lehmann, and C. E. Martinez Sulfur K-edge XANES Spectroscopy as a Tool for Understanding Sulfur Dynamics in Soil Organic Matter Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., November 1, 2003; 67(6): 1721 - 1731. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. E. Brown Jr. and N. C. Sturchio An Overview of Synchrotron Radiation Applications to Low Temperature Geochemistry and Environmental Science Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, January 1, 2002; 49(1): 1 - 115. [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. C. B. Myneni Soft X-ray Spectroscopy and Spectromicroscopy Studies of Organic Molecules in the Environment Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, January 1, 2002; 49(1): 485 - 579. [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. J. Hutchison, D. Hesterberg, and J. W. Chou Stability of Reduced Organic Sulfur in Humic Acid as Affected by Aeration and pH Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., May 1, 2001; 65(3): 704 - 709. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]