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Interactions and Weathering Losses of Iron and Phosphorus in Palexeralfs of Southern Spain

Dep. of Agronomy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210

J. Torrent and V. Barrón

Departamento de Ciencias y Recursos Agrícolas y Forestales, Universidad de Córdoba, Apdo. 3048, 14080 Córdoba, Spain

* Corresponding author.

ABSTRACT

In Palexeralfs of southern Spain, Fe (hydr)oxides are the dominant reservoir of P. Thus, knowledge of P and Fe (hydr)oxide interactions is vital to understanding P dynamics in these soils. This investigation focused on the effect of mineralogy and properties of Fe (hydr)oxides on P distribution and transformations by calculating Fe and P gains and/or losses during formation of Typic, Aquic, and Calcic Palexeralfs. Although differential x-ray diffraction could not positively identify hematite, differential x-ray diffraction data, redness ratings, and estimates of Al substitution indicated differences in Fe (hydr)oxide properties between upper yellowish-brown horizons and lower yellowish-red horizons in Typic and Aquic Palexeralfs. The properties are consistent with goethite in the upper yellowish-brown horizons and goethite with a small amount of hematite in the lower yellowish-red horizons. The yellowish-brown horizons not only show net P_d (reductant-soluble P) losses but also greater gains of Fe_d (citrate-bicarbonate-dithionite-extractable Fe) than the yellowish-red horizons resulting in lower P_d/Fe_d molar ratios. Due to the minimal mineralogical differences, we conclude the lower quantity of P occluded in the Fe (hydr)oxides in the yellowish-brown horizons is not a function of Fe (hydr)oxide mineralogy and properties but availability of labile P.

Received for publication November 24, 1993.

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