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Measuring In Situ Changes in Labile Soil Phosphorus with Anion-Exchange Membranes

Dep. of Soil and Water Science, Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611

T. J. Logan

Dep. of Agronomy, Ohio State Univ., Columbus

*Corresponding author.

ABSTRACT

Conventional chemical extraction methods to measure labile soil P are often inadequate for detecting fine temporal- and spatial-scale soil P dynamics in situ. We refined and calibrated methodology for anion-exchange resin-impregnated membranes (AEM), related AEM-P to soil solution P for a high-P-retaining soil, and evaluated the method's viability under humid tropical field conditions. We determined: (i) AEM recyclability, (ii) AEM P sorption kinetics, (iii) the correlation between soil solution P and AEM-P for an Andic Humitropept, and (iv) potential interference from other anions (NO^–₃ and SO^2–₄) on AEM P extraction. We used AEMs in a field decomposition study to evaluate plant residue and manure P release characteristics and concurrent fluxes in labile soil P. The AEM P sorption capacity was not altered significantly by repeated use. Nitrate solution concentrations in an aqueous medium of 50 and 100 mg NO₃-N/L reduced AEM P sorption by 50 and 75%, respectively, regardless of P solution concentration; SO₄-S at 500 and 1000 mg/L reduced AEM P sorption by 98%. The relationship between AEM-P and soil solution P was curvilinear at both nonequilibrium and equilibrium soil solution P concentrations; it was essentially linear at soil solution concentrations ranging from 0 to 2 mg P/L. The AEM behaved as a dynamic exchanger rather than an infinite sink for P, particularly in the context of a low-pH, high-P-retaining soil. The AEMs detected biologically relevant soil P pulses in the field decomposition study. The technique holds promise as an easy method for measuring soil P fluxes with minimal soil disturbance.

Salaries and research support provided by state and federal funds appropriated to the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center. Support for the senior author was also received from the Fulbright Fellowship Commission and the Charles Lindbergh Fund.

Received for publication November 19, 1992.

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