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Predicting Cation Transport in Smectitic Soils

USDA-ARS Southern Weed Science Lab., P.O. Box 350, Stoneville, MS 38776

H. M. Selim^* and P. M. Walthall

Agronomy Dep., Sturgis Hall, Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge LA 70803

*Corresponding author.

ABSTRACT

The distribution of a competitively adsorbed cation between solution and sorbed phases strongly influences the mobility of that ion species in soil. Selectivity coefficients used to describe this distribution typically vary from soil to soil. In certain instances, however, there is evidence that this variability may be accounted for on the basis of exchange selectivities of predominant mineral exchangers. This study was undertaken to determine whether cation transport in soils in which either hydroxy-interlayered smectite or interstratified smectite-vermiculite is the predominant exchanger could be adequately described using exchange data for montmorillonite. Experimental data for binary (Ca-Mg) or ternary (Ca-Mg-Na) miscible displacement through columns of Olivier series (fine-silty, mixed, thermic Aquic Fragiudalf) or Yolo series (fine-silty, mixed, nonacid, thermic Typic Xerorthent) soils were adequately described when cation-exchange selectivities for montmorillonite were used.

Manuscript no. 92-09-6205 of the Louisiana Agric. Exp. Stn.

Received for publication January 10, 1992.