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Solution Sulfate Chemistry in Three Sulfur-Retentive Hydrandepts

DowElanco North American Environmental Chemistry Lab., Midland, MI 48641

N. V. Hue and R. L. Fox

Dep. of Agronomy and Soil Science, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822. Contribution from the Dep. of Agronomy and Soil Science, Univ. of Hawaii and DowElanco.

ABSTRACT

Highly S-retentive Hydrandepts frequently contain large quantities (> 200 mmol kg^-1) of sorbed S while exhibiting low S intensities in soil solution. Solution-solid phase S relations for three representative Hydrandepts from Hawaii were investigated in terms of the nature of sorption isotherms and the role of basic Al hydroxysulfate precipitation as a mechanism for S retention. Sorption data were fit to linear, Langmuir, and multisite Langmuir isotherms using a modeling routine that performed parameter estimates and model optimization using weighted nonlinear fitting. Best-fit models indicated sorption data were adequately described by Langmuir isotherms. Total P-extractable SO₄-S increased markedly at depths > 45 cm and tended to decline at depths > 120 cm. Extractable SO₄-S was strongly regressed on gravimetric moisture content, a relative indicator of reactive surface for these thixotropic soils. Soil solution SO₄-S concentrations were consistent with alunite or basaluminite solubility when gibbsite controlled solution Al³⁺.

^* Corresponding author.

Received for publication February 27, 1991.

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