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Measurement of Cadmium Activities in Slightly Acidic to Alkaline Soils

Water Research Center, Cairo, Egypt

S. A. Aboulroos

Soils Dep., Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo Univ., Giza, Egypt

W. L. Lindsay^*

Dep. of Agronomy, Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO 80523

*Corresponding author.

ABSTRACT

The solid phases that control Cd²⁺ solubility in soils are poorly understood. This study was made to measure Cd²⁺ activity in nine slightly acidic to alkaline soils using competitive chelation, which avoids errors that may be caused by unknown Cd-organic complexes that may be present. The Cd²⁺ activities measured in these soils varied widely, ranging from 10^–6.61 to 10^–9.31 M, and were inversely related to soil pH with a correlation coefficient (r²) of 0.95. The activities of Cd²⁺ in the soils could be predicted from the equation (Cd²⁺) = 10^6.5(H⁺)². A solubility diagram was constructed for various Cd minerals using the thermodynamic data selected from the literature. The equilibrium constant (K^o) for the reaction of CdFe₂O₄(c) was derived assuming that the entropy (S^o) value of CdFe₂O₄(c) is similar to that of ZnFe₂O₄(c). The diagram suggests that CdFe₂O₄(c), in equilibrium with soil Fe, is a likely solid phase controlling Cd²⁺ activities in these soils.

Joint contribution of Egyptian Water Research Center, Cairo Univ., and Colorado Agric. Exp. Stn.

Received for publication February 22, 1990.

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