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Effects of Potassium and Lime Applied for Coastal Bermudagrass Production on Sandy Soil

School of Agriculture, P.O. 5043, Tennessee Technological Univ., Cookeville, TN 38501

J. L. Young

Dep. of Agriculture, Stephen F. Austin State Univ., Nacogdoches, TX 71892

A. T. Leonard

Texas A&M Exp. Stn., Overton, TX 75684

* Corresponding author.

ABSTRACT

The deep sandy soils of eastern Texas are inherently low in available Ca and Mg. Also, Coastal bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] grown on these soils has exhibited K deficiency symptoms. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of K fertilization and liming on (i) Coastal bermudagrass yield; (ii) plant tissue K, Ca, and Mg concentrations; and (iii) K, Ca, and Mg soil test values. The study was conducted on a Darco fine sandy loam (loamy, siliceous, thermic, Grossarenic Paleudults) from 1981 through 1983 using four rates of K fertilization (0, 140, 279, and 419 kg K ha^–1 year^–1) and six lime rates (0, 2.2, 3.6, 4.5, 9.0, and 18.0 Mg ha^–1). Significant yield responses to both K fertilization and liming were observed in 1982 and 1983. Potassium fertilization resulted in increased plant K concentration and decreased plant Ca and Mg concentrations. Liming increased Ca and Mg concentrations. Maximum yields were obtained with K concentrations of about 22.0 g K kg^–1 plant tissue. Increased plant K concentration did not depress Ca and Mg concentrations below 1.8 and 1.1 g kg^–1, respectively. After 3 yr of K fertilization, soil test K values were increased only at the 419 kg K ha^–1 rate. No yield response to liming was measured above 3.6 Mg lime Ha^–1. At the conclusion of the study, soil pH and extractable Ca and Mg values in 3.6 Mg lime ha^–1 plots were 5.3, 333 mg kg^–1 and 30 mg kg^–1, respectively.

Received for publication August 31, 1987.

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