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Simulated Transport of Multiple Cations in Soil Using Variable Selectivity Coefficients

Soil Science Dep., G159 McCarty Hall, Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611

H. M. Selim

Dep. of Agronomy, Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA 70893

*Corresponding author.

ABSTRACT

A chromatographic model for describing the transport of multiple cations in soil was modified to include both mobile-immobile flow regions and variable ion exchange selectivity coefficients K_ij for each binary combination of cation species in a ternary soil-water system. The model was evaluated by comparing simulated results with published breakthrough curves (BTC) for Na⁺ and Mg²⁺ concentrations in effluent from columns of Yolo loam soil initially saturated with Ca²⁺ ions. Experimental BTC for the relatively uncompetitive Na⁺ species were adequately described when either constant or variable values of K_ij were used in the model. For the more competitive Mg²⁺ species however, simulations using constant K_ij coefficients described the relative location for maximum concentration but underestimated tailing for the BTC. When all of the soil solution was assumed to be mobile, description of tailing for Mg²⁺ BTC was improved by the use of variable K_ij values in simulations, but retardation for Mg²⁺ transport tended to be overestimated. The combined use of mobile-immobile liquid regions and of variable selectivity coefficients provided the observed tailing in Mg²⁺ BTC but minimized overestimation of retardation.

This work was supported in part by Project A0457-06, U.S.-EPA, North Carolina State Univ. Acid Precipitation Program; Contract F08635-83-C-0136. U.S. Air Force; and USDA-FS Cooperative Agreement 19-84-030. Contribution from the Soil Science Dep., Univ. of Florida. Published as Univ. of Florida Journal series 8664.

Received for publication January 21, 1988.

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