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Agronomic Effectiveness of Bayovar Phosphate Rock in Soil with Induced Phosphorus Retention¹

ABSTRACT

A greenhouse experiment was conducted with soil from the A horizon of an acid Mountview silt loam (Typic Paleudult) to measure the relative influence of soil P retention capacity on P availability from Bayovar (also known as Sechura) phosphate rock (Peru) with that from triple superphosphate (TSP). The P retention capacity of the soil was adjusted by application of variable quantities of freshly prepared amorphous Fe gel. The P sources were incorporated into the treated soil at rates to supply 0, 150, and 300 mg total P kg^–1 soil. Corn (Zea mays L.) was grown as a test crop. The Fe gel treatments significantly increased the P retention capacity of the soil and resulted in significant reductions of both dry matter production and P uptake with both P sources. The effectiveness of the phosphate rock, however, tended to decline to a greater extent than that of TSP with increasing P retention capacity. These results suggest that, contrary to popular opinion, the effectiveness of phosphate rock relative to soluble P fertilizer may be less on soils with high P retention capacity than on soils with the same pH but with lower P retention capacity for short-term crops such as corn.

¹ Contribution from the Agro-Economic Div., International Fertilizer Development Center (IFDC), Muscle Shoals, AL 35662.

² Soil Scientist, Soil Chemist, and Research Assistant, IFDC, Muscle Shoals, AL 35662. Third author presently Graduate Student, Soil Science Dep., Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611.

Received for publication July 15, 1985.