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Sulfate Reduction and Calcium Carbonate Equilibria in a Central California Histosol¹

ABSTRACT

Sulfate (SO^2-₄) reduction and bicarbonate (HCO^-₃) production were studied in three organic soil profiles removed intact from the California Delta area. The water table was maintained at approximately 0.75 m from the soil surface in columns 1.22 m in height. The partial pressure of carbon dioxide (P_CO2) was monitored throughout the experiment. Extracted soil solutions were evaluated with respect to calcite solubility. Sulfate reduction was found to follow first-order kinetics for three different initial SO^2-₄ concentrations. Bicarbonate production followed approximately the stoichiometry of the organic matter oxidation-SO^2-₄ reduction reaction. Soil solutions extracted below the water table were found to be saturated with respect to calcite depending on the P_CO2 and the initial SO^2-₄ concentration.

¹ Contribution from the Dep. of Land, Air, and Water Resources, Univ. of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616. This investigation was supported, in part, by a grant from the State of California Dep. of Water Resources.

² Research Assistant, Professor of Soil Science, and Professor of Water Science, respectively, Univ. of California at Davis. The senior author is now Geochemist, U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, Sacramento, CA 95825.

Received for publication September 16, 1986.