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Sorption of Copper(II) on Aluminum Hydroxide as Affected by Phosphate¹

ABSTRACT

The mechanisms of Cu²⁺ bonding on noncrystalline aluminum hydroxide with or without various levels of presorbed phosphate have been studied by the technique of electron spin resonance. Evidence for two separate chemisorption sites in the absence of phosphate is presented. At high levels of Cu²⁺ adsorption, discrete site chemisorption is replaced by nucleation or precipitation of hydroxy-Cu species at the surface. High levels of sorbed phosphate suppress Cu²⁺ adsorption, blocking the coordination of Cu²⁺ to AIOH groups on aluminum hydroxide. It is proposed that the decreased adsorption of Cu²⁺ observed in this study was a result of the weaker coordination of Cu²⁺ to the phosphate-coated surface than to the alumina surface in the absence of phosphate. The enhanced adsorption of metal ions on oxide and hydroxide surfaces following phosphate sorption observed in other studies is attributed to a different mechanism, involving the formation of a ternary complex in which Cu bonds simultaneously to phosphate and the surface.

¹ Contribution from the Dep. of Agronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.

² Associate Professor of Soil Chemistry.

Received for publication July 16, 1984. Accepted for publication January 29, 1985.

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